Conclusion

Abstract

TOD has long been considered a critical element in reshaping sprawling car-dependent urban regions, common in many countries, to denser rail-based regions. The concept has now evolved far beyond railway station areas to corridors and entire multi-modal networks designed around not only transit (heavy rail, LRT, BRT, and local bus) but walking and cycling as well. But TOD is not a magic bullet solution for metropolitan transportation problems: it has its challenges, such as displacement of local residents and businesses. Although TOD is still challenging to implement, we hope that our list of critical success factors and ranking scale will help contribute to successful TOD implementation in any region. TOD is a policy concept that can be used, as our Dutch colleagues suggested, as a story to unite people: a story that includes sustainable transportation, healthy populations, thriving local economies, coordinated strategic planning, and an engaged public.