Skip to main content
View expanded cover

Integrated Procedures in Facial Cosmetic Surgery pp 869–885Cite as

Cosmetic Intraoral Surgeries

  • 1421 Accesses

Abstract

In the past two decades, patient’s esthetic expectation has become more demanding; therefore the intraoral esthetic procedures focusing on restoration of both function and esthetic have gained clinical importance. A variety of clinical advancements in periodontal plastic and intraoral surgical techniques have been developed focusing on esthetic outcomes. The decision-making process for esthetic intraoral surgery procedures is mostly based on diverse research evidence which needs to be applied in dental practice.

This chapter focuses on periodontal plastic surgeries such as root coverage procedures around teeth, soft tissue augmentation in esthetic zone and around implants, and esthetic crown lengthening.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-46993-1_70
  • Chapter length: 17 pages
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
eBook
USD   189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • ISBN: 978-3-030-46993-1
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
Softcover Book
USD   249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Hardcover Book
USD   349.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Learn about institutional subscriptions
Fig. 70.1
Fig. 70.2
Fig. 70.3
Fig. 70.4
Fig. 70.5
Fig. 70.6
Fig. 70.7
Fig. 70.8
Fig. 70.9
Fig. 70.10
Fig. 70.11
Fig. 70.12
Fig. 70.13

References

  1. Höfel L, Lange M, Jacobsen T. Beauty and the teeth: perception of tooth color and its influence on the overall judgment of facial attractiveness. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2007;27(4):349.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Periodontology AAo. Glossary of periodontal terms: American Academy of Periodontology. 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Allen AL, Walter Cohen D. Primary references for the gingival graft procedure: a note of clarification. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2012;32(3):251.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Nabers J. Extension of the vestibular fornix utilizing a gingival graft, case history. Periodontics. 1966;4:77–81.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Pennel BM, Tabor JC, King KO, Towner JD, Fritz BD, Higgason JD. Free masticatory mucosa graft. J Periodontol. 1969;40(3):162–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Langer B, Calagna L. The subepithelial connective tissue graft. J Prosthet Dent. 1980;44(4):363–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Langer B, Langer L. Subepithelial connective tissue graft technique for root coverage. J Periodontol. 1985;56(12):715–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Friedman N. Mucogingival surgery: the apically repositioned flap. J Periodontol. 1962;33(4):328–40.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Greenstein G. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy in 2000: a literature review. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000;131(11):1580–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Edel A. Clinical evaluation of free connective tissue grafts used to increase the width of keratinised gingiva. J Clin Periodontol. 1974;1(4):185–96.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Bruno JF. Connective tissue graft technique assuring wide root coverage. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1994;14(2):126.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Hürzeler MB, Weng D. A single-incision technique to harvest subepithelial connective tissue grafts from the palate. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1999;19(3):279.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Lorenzana ER, Allen EP. The single-incision palatal harvest technique: a strategy for esthetics and patient comfort. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2000;20(3):297–306.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Sanz M, Simion M, Abbas F, Aroca S, Artzi Z, Burkhardt R, et al. Surgical techniques on periodontal plastic surgery and soft tissue regeneration: consensus report of group 3 of the 10th European workshop on periodontology. J Clin Periodontol. 2014;41:S92–S7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Löe H, Ånerud Å, Boysen H. The natural history of periodontal disease in man: prevalence, severity, and extent of gingival recession. J Periodontol. 1992;63(6):489–95.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Baelum V, Fejerskov O, Karring T. Oral hygiene, gingivitis and periodontal breakdown in adult Tanzanians. J Periodontal Res. 1986;21(3):221–32.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Miller P Jr. A classification of marginal tissue recession. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1985;5:9.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Grupe HE, Warren RF. Repair of gingival defects by a sliding flap operation. J Periodontol. 1956;27(2):92–5.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Cohen DW, Ross SE. The double papillae repositioned flap in periodontal therapy. J Periodontol. 1968;39(2):65–70.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Tarnow DP. Semilunar coronally repositioned flap. J Clin Periodontol. 1986;13(3):182–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Bernimoulin J. Use of a free mucous membrane transplant in mucogingival surgery with special consideration for the treatment of recession. ZWR. 1981;90(12):52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Zucchelli G, Mele M, Mazzotti C, Marzadori M, Montebugnoli L, De Sanctis M. Coronally advanced flap with and without vertical releasing incisions for the treatment of multiple gingival recessions: a comparative controlled randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol. 2009;80(7):1083–94.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Allen AL. Use of the supraperiosteal envelope in soft tissue grafting for root coverage. I. Rationale and technique. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1994;14(3):216.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Zadeh HH. Minimally invasive treatment of maxillary anterior gingival recession defects by vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access and platelet-derived growth factor BB. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2011;31(6):653.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Zuhr O, Rebele SF, Cheung SL, Hürzeler MB, Biology RGoOST, Healing W. Surgery without papilla incision: tunneling flap procedures in plastic periodontal and implant surgery. Periodontol. 2018;77(1):123–49.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Farnoush A. Techniques for the protection and coverage of the donor sites in free soft tissue grafts. J Periodontol. 1978;49(8):403–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Jahnke PV, Sandifer JB, Gher ME, Gray JL, Richardson AC. Thick free gingival and connective tissue autografts for root coverage. J Periodontol. 1993;64(4):315–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Del Pizzo M, Modica F, Bethaz N, Priotto P, Romagnoli R. The connective tissue graft: a comparative clinical evaluation of wound healing at the palatal donor site: a preliminary study. J Clin Periodontol. 2002;29(9):848–54.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Wessel JR, Tatakis DN. Patient outcomes following subepithelial connective tissue graft and free gingival graft procedures. J Periodontol. 2008;79(3):425–30.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Griffin TJ, Cheung WS, Zavras AI, Damoulis PD. Postoperative complications following gingival augmentation procedures. J Periodontol. 2006;77(12):2070–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Fickl S, Fischer KR, Jockel-Schneider Y, Stappert CF, Schlagenhauf U, Kebschull M. Early wound healing and patient morbidity after single-incision vs. trap-door graft harvesting from the palate—a clinical study. Clin Oral Investig. 2014;18(9):2213–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Zucchelli G, Mele M, Stefanini M, Mazzotti C, Marzadori M, Montebugnoli L, et al. Patient morbidity and root coverage outcome after subepithelial connective tissue and de-epithelialized grafts: a comparative randomized-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2010;37(8):728–38.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Burkhardt R, Hämmerle CH, Lang NP, Biology RGoOST, Healing W. Self-reported pain perception of patients after mucosal graft harvesting in the palatal area. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42(3):281–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Zucchelli G, Mounssif I, Mazzotti C, Montebugnoli L, Sangiorgi M, Mele M, et al. Does the dimension of the graft influence patient morbidity and root coverage outcomes? A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2014;41(7):708–16.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Müller HP, Schaller N, Eger T, Heinecke A. Thickness of masticatory mucosa. J Clin Periodontol. 2000;27(6):431–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Yaman D, Aksu S, Dişçi R, Demirel K. Thickness of palatal masticatory mucosa and its relationship with different parameters in Turkish subjects. Int J Med Sci. 2014;11(10):1009.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Schacher B, Bürklin T, Horodko M, Raetzke P, Ratka-Krüger P, Eickholz P. Direct thickness measurements of the hard palate mucosa. Quintessence Int. 2010;41(8):e149.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Harris RJ. Histologic evaluation of connective tissue grafts in humans. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2003;23(6):575.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Sullivan HC. Free autogenous gingival grafts. I. Principles of successful grafting. Periodontics. 1968;6:121–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Meraw SJ, Sheridan PJ, editors. Medically induced gingival hyperplasia. Mayo Clinic Proceedings; 1998: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Jorgensen MG, Nowzari H. Aesthetic crown lengthening. Periodontol. 2001;27(1):45–58.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Gargiulo AW, Wentz FM, Orban B. Dimensions and relations of the dentogingival junction in humans. J Periodontol. 1961;32(3):261–7.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Coslet J, Vanarsdall R, Weisgold A. Diagnosis and classification of delayed passive eruption of the dentogingival junction in the adult. Alpha Omegan. 1977;70(3):24–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Oh SL, Masri RM, Williams DA, Ji C, Romberg E. Free gingival grafts for implants exhibiting lack of keratinized mucosa: a prospective controlled randomized clinical study. J Clin Periodontol. 2017;44(2):195–203.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Lindhe J. In: Lang NP, Karring T, editors. Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2003.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Private Practice, Austin & Houston, TX, USA

    Paymon Mehryar

  2. Private Practice, Tehran, Iran

    Omid Mashouf

  3. Private Practice, Kerman, Iran

    Amin Motamedi

  4. Private Practice, Lisbon, Portugal

    Goncalo Carames

  5. Department of Periodontology, Tehran Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Omid Moghaddas

  6. Private practice, Barcelona, Spain

    Gonzalo Blasi

  7. Private practice, El Paso, TX, USA

    Vahid Khoshkam

Authors
  1. Paymon Mehryar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Omid Mashouf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Amin Motamedi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Goncalo Carames
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Omid Moghaddas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Gonzalo Blasi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Vahid Khoshkam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Co-investigator, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA

    Dr. Seied Omid Keyhan

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA

    Dr. Tirbod Fattahi

  3. Department of Surgery, Georgia Oral and Facial Reconstructive Surgery, Northside Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Assist. Prof. Shahrokh C. Bagheri

  4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Dr. Behnam Bohluli

  5. Universal Network of Interdisciplinary Research in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (UNIROMS), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Hosein Amirzade-Iranaq

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Mehryar, P. et al. (2021). Cosmetic Intraoral Surgeries. In: Keyhan, S.O., Fattahi, T., Bagheri, S.C., Bohluli, B., Amirzade-Iranaq, M.H. (eds) Integrated Procedures in Facial Cosmetic Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46993-1_70

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46993-1_70

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-46992-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-46993-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)