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Electronic States of Vicinal Surfaces

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Springer Handbook of Surface Science

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

Vicinal surfaces are crystal planes oriented a few degrees off from a high symmetry direction. Such a small deviation (called miscut) from a high symmetry axis leads to a characteristic periodic roughness at the nanoscale, namely atom-height step arrays that separate atomically-flat terraces. The alternating series of “terraces” and “steps” makes electronic properties of vicinal surfaces very peculiar, distinct from those of atomically-flat surfaces. On the one hand, terraces and steps feature atoms with distinct coordination and complex and varied elastic relaxations, influencing their core-level energies. We show how core levels at a vicinal surface exhibit a miscut-dependent stress release, as well as fine structural relaxations, such as faceting. On the other hand, atomic steps create a periodic modulation of the crystal potential, affecting two-dimensional (2-D) surface states of metals. This leads to Bloch scattering of surface electrons by the step lattice, and eventually, to one-dimensional (1-D) quantization by confinement at terraces or step edges. We discuss the occurrence and observation of superlattice scattering and 1"​ D confinement at a vicinal surface, the importance of the atomic nature of the surface state wave function, the dependence on the lattice constant of the step array, and the rich scattering phenomenon that arises in faceted structures and spin-textured bands.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento Física Aplicada I, Universidad del País Vasco, San Sebastian, Spain

    J. Enrique Ortega

  2. Centro de Física de Materiales CSIC/UPV-EHU-Materials Physics Center, San Sebastian, Spain

    J. Enrique Ortega, Frederik Schiller & Martina Corso

  3. Institut Catalá de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Bellaterra-Barcelona, Spain

    Aitor Mugarza

  4. Donostia International Physics Centre, San Sebastian, Spain

    Frederik Schiller

  5. Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

    Jorge Lobo-Checa

  6. Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

    Jorge Lobo-Checa

Authors
  1. J. Enrique Ortega
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  2. Aitor Mugarza
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  3. Frederik Schiller
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  4. Jorge Lobo-Checa
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  5. Martina Corso
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Correspondence to J. Enrique Ortega .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dipt. di Fisica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy

    Mario Rocca

  2. Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA

    Talat S. Rahman

  3. Dipt. di Fisica, Università di Genova and IMEM-CNR Unità di Genova, Genova, Italy

    Luca Vattuone

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Ortega, J.E., Mugarza, A., Schiller, F., Lobo-Checa, J., Corso, M. (2020). Electronic States of Vicinal Surfaces. In: Rocca, M., Rahman, T.S., Vattuone, L. (eds) Springer Handbook of Surface Science. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46906-1_12

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