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Neuromodulators in Periorbital Rejuvenation

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Periorbital Rejuvenation

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Abstract

Injections of botulinum toxin (BoNT) recently have become the most popular of all the minimally invasive facial rejuvenation procedures. Approved for wrinkle reduction of the upper face, it is the periorbital region where facial rejuvenation with BoNT becomes integral and proves to be indispensable. The key to a successful treatment of a patient’s periorbital rhytides with BoNT is a proper pre-treatment evaluation of the causes of the rhytides. Dynamic wrinkles of the periorbital area are treated with BoNT injections to reduce wrinkling, elevate, arch and reposition asymmetrical eyebrows, and widen the orbital fissure in a youthful, attractive fashion. Understanding the functional anatomy of the periorbital area and how this region of the face is affected by the particular BoNT product being injected is the only way to produce natural and balanced effects. This chapter discusses the pertinent functional anatomy of the periorbital area, the available BoNT products currently approved for use in the USA and worldwide, their preparation and dosing. Proper injection technique is emphasized and potential complications and how to avoid them are also discussed in detail.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Anthony V. Benedetto

  2. Dermatologic SurgiCenter, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Anthony V. Benedetto

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  1. Anthony V. Benedetto
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Correspondence to Anthony V. Benedetto .

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  1. National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    Ashraf Badawi

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Benedetto, A.V. (2020). Neuromodulators in Periorbital Rejuvenation. In: Badawi, A. (eds) Periorbital Rejuvenation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46866-8_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46866-8_5

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-46866-8

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