Abstract
This chapter provides comprehensive findings for the three basic groups of ES. Five provisioning ES are essential for Slovakia – agricultural crops; timber and fibre; drinking water; freshwater and fish; and game and wildfood. Regulatory ES represent the regulation of natural processes – erosion and natural hazards mitigation; runoff and flood protection; local and global climate regulation; and air and water quality regulation. Supporting ES enable the appropriate course of natural functions and processes – as biodiversity promotion; pollination; pest and disease control; or soil formation. Cultural ES are the intangible benefits of nature for people, such as recreation and tourism; landscape aesthetics; and natural and cultural heritage. As a synthesis, the overall landscape capacity for ES provision is expressed, as an average of the main ES groups. Regarding landscape types, the high value of the ES capacity is documented for mountains and sub-mountain areas, while the low capacity is typical for lowlands and open basin areas. Also, the relationships between land use and ES are evaluated. Results confirm the generally accepted fact that forest ecosystems are the most important for the ES provision (mainly deciduous forests), and urbanized areas (mainly industrial and technical infrastructure) are the least important. Finally, the crucial importance of nature and landscape protection was confirmed – not only for the healthy state of ecosystems but also for the fulfilment of their functions and services.
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Mederly, P., Černecký, J., Špulerová, J., Izakovičová, Z., Petrovič, F., Ďuricová, V. (2020). Synthesis of Ecosystem Services Assessment in Slovakia. In: Mederly, P., Černecký, J. (eds) A Catalogue of Ecosystem Services in Slovakia . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46508-7_6
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