Skip to main content

ANNO: A Time Series Annotation Tool to Evaluate Event Detection Algorithms

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Simulation Science (SimScience 2019)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 1199))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 271 Accesses

Abstract

The research field of energy analytics is concerned with the collection and processing of data related to electrical power generation and consumption. Electricity consumption data can reveal information pertaining to the nature of underlying appliances, their mode of operation, and many other aspects. Sudden load changes, so-called events, constitute the principal source of information in such time series data, thus their reliable detection and interpretation is a prerequisite for accurate energy analytics. The development of event detection algorithms is, however, hampered due to the unavailability of comprehensive data sets that feature energy consumption time series with corresponding event annotations. We hence present ANNO, a tool to provide annotations to time series consumption data in a supervised fashion and use them for the development of energy analytics algorithms, in this work.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    https://github.com/baidu/Curve.

  2. 2.

    https://github.com/Microsoft/TagAnomaly.

  3. 3.

    https://github.com/CrowdCurio/time-series-annotator.

  4. 4.

    https://github.com/avenix/WDK.

  5. 5.

    https://numpy.org/.

  6. 6.

    https://pandas.pydata.org/.

  7. 7.

    https://matplotlib.org/.

  8. 8.

    For further information consult https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/reference/api/pandas.Series.html.

  9. 9.

    https://github.com/Microsoft/TagAnomaly.

References

  1. Anderson, K., Filip, A., Benítez, D., Carlson, D., Rowe, A., Bergés, M.: BLUED: a fully labeled public dataset for event-based nonintrusive load monitoring research. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Data Mining Applications in Sustainability (SustKDD) (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Armel, K.C., Gupta, A., Shrimali, G., Albert, A.: Is disaggregation the holy grail of energy efficiency? The case of electricity. Energy Policy 52(1), 213–234 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Barker, S., Kalra, S., Irwin, D., Shenoy, P.: Empirical characterization and modeling of electrical loads in smart homes, pp. 1–10 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Barker, S., Mishra, A., Irwin, D., Cecchet, E., Shenoy, P., Albrecht, J.: Smart*: an open data set and tools for enabling research in sustainable homes. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Data Mining Applications in Sustainability (SustKDD) (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Batra, N., Gulati, M., Singh, A., Srivastava, M.B.: It’s different: insights into home energy consumption in India. In: Proceedings of the 5th ACM Workshop on Embedded Systems For Energy-Efficient Buildings (BuildSys) (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bonaldi, E., de Lacerda de Oliveira, L., Borges da Silva, J., Lambert-Torres, G., Borges da Silva, L.: Predictive maintenance by electrical signature analysis to induction motors. In: Esteves Araújo, R. (ed.) Induction Motors - Modelling and Control. IntechOpen (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Buneeva, N., Reinhardt, A.: AMBAL: realistic load signature generation for load disaggregation performance evaluation. In: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm), pp. 443–448 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Chen, D., Irwin, D.E., Shenoy, P.J.: SmartSim: a device-accurate smart home simulator for energy analytics. In: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm), pp. 686–692 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ehrhardt-Martinez, K., Donnelly, K., Laitner, J.: Advanced Metering Initiatives and Residential Feedback Programs: a Meta-Review for Household Electricity-Saving Opportunities. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gao, J., Giri, S., Kara, E.C., Bergés, M.: PLAID: a public dataset of high-resolution electrical appliance measurements for load identification research: demo abstract. In: Proceedings of the 1st ACM Conference on Embedded Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings (BuildSys) (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Hart, G.W.: Nonintrusive appliance load monitoring. Proc. IEEE 80(12), 1870–1891 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Heartex Inc.: A Curated List of Awesome Data Labeling Tools. https://github.com/heartexlabs/awesome-data-labeling

  13. Kelly, J., Knottenbelt, W.: The UK-DALE dataset: domestic appliance-level electricity demand and whole-house demand from five UK homes. Sci. Data 2(150007) (2015). http://jack-kelly.com/data/

  14. Klemenjak, C., Reinhardt, A., Pereira, L., Berges, M., Makonin, S., Elmenreich, W.: Electricity consumption data sets: pitfalls and opportunities. In: Proceedings of the 6th ACM International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation (BuildSys), pp. 159–162 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kolter, J.Z., Johnson, M.J.: REDD: a public data set for energy disaggregation research. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Data Mining Applications in Sustainability (SustKDD) (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kriechbaumer, T., Jacobsen, H.A.: BLOND, a building-level office environment dataset of typical electrical appliances. Sci. Data 5, 180048 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Masoodian, M., André, E., Kugler, M., Reinhart, F., Rogers, B., Schlieper, K.: USEM: a ubiquitous smart energy management system for residential homes. Int. J. Adv. Intell. Syst. 7(3&4), 519–532 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Monacchi, A., Egarter, D., Elmenreich, W., D’Alessandro, S., Tonello, A.M.: GREEND: an energy consumption dataset of households in Italy and Austria. In: Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm) (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Pereira, L., Ribeiro, M., Nunes, N.: Engineering and deploying a hardware and software platform to collect and label non-intrusive load monitoring datasets. In: Proceedings of the 5th IFIP Conference on Sustainable Internet and ICT for Sustainability (SustainIT), pp. 1–9 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Picon, T., Nait Meziane, M., Ravier, P., Lamarque, G., Novello, C., Le Bunetel, J.C., Raingeaud, Y.: COOLL: Controlled On/Off Loads Library, a Public Dataset of High-Sampled Electrical Signals for Appliance Identification. arXiv preprint arXiv:1611.05803 [cs.OH] (2016)

  21. Reinhardt, A., et al.: On the accuracy of appliance identification based on distributed load metering data. In: Proceedings of the 2nd IFIP Conference on Sustainable Internet and ICT for Sustainability (SustainIT), pp. 1–9 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Sadeghianpourhamami, N., Ruyssinck, J., Deschrijver, D., Dhaene, T., Develder, C.: Comprehensive feature selection for appliance classification in NILM. Energy Build. 151, 98–106 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Sandlin, H.A., Kurniawan Wijaya, T., Aberer, K., Nunes, N.: A collaborative framework for annotating energy datasets. In: Proceedings of the 2015 Workshop for Sustainable Development at the 2015 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData) (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Weiss, M., Helfenstein, A., Mattern, F., Staake, T.: Leveraging smart meter data to recognize home appliances. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom) (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Zoha, A., Gluhak, A., Imran, M.A., Rajasegarar, S.: Non-intrusive load monitoring approaches for disaggregated energy sensing: a survey. MDPI Sens. 12, 16838–16866 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jana Huchtkoetter .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Huchtkoetter, J., Reinhardt, A., Hossain, S. (2020). ANNO: A Time Series Annotation Tool to Evaluate Event Detection Algorithms. In: Gunkelmann, N., Baum, M. (eds) Simulation Science. SimScience 2019. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1199. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45718-1_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45718-1_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-45717-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-45718-1

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics