Abstract
Generally organic reactions are conducted in solvent medium. Solvents are used in large amounts to dissolve the reactants and to facilitate the smooth conduct of chemical transformations to their logical end. Solvent losses among the chemical processes by different means attribute to large toxic load on environment that ends up in the atmosphere. Widely popular solvents are organic, and among these many are attributed for health risks. Solvent usage is always a subject of controversy and closer scrutiny, as in any chemical industry the recovery efficiencies are not satisfactory. In view of the emerging trend of green chemistry outlook, the design and development of eco-friendly sustainable reaction protocols, involving nonconventional reaction media, have become a global necessity to save the environment.
Chemists are always fascinated by heterocyclic chemistry for innumerable reasons. Heterocyclic compounds belong to a significant class of organic compounds, and have attracted greater attention and curiosity among research fraternity due to their wider and far-reaching applicability in different arenas.
Ionic liquids, with their unique properties, have emerged as potential agents for broader applications such as catalysis, reaction media, dispersing, and carbon capture and also in waste recycling, batteries, and solar thermal energy systems.
This review is an academic exercise to bring together at one place the potential research works of recent origin, which are aimed at achieving environmentally benign approaches towards the synthesis of different heterocyclic systems employing ionic liquids. Scholars are advised to go through the original publications for detailed information. The structures are also drawn briefly to give an idea about the products.
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Acknowledgements
This review was authored purely out of academic interest to familiarize the young organic researchers to appraise them about the recent work appearing in the green chemistry arena, particularly related to ionic liquids. The examples covered in this review are chosen from different internationally reputed journals. The authors of this review are highly appreciative of the research articles published for their contributions towards the ever-expanding area of the ionic liquids significantly in the heterocyclic synthesis. This review is only representative in nature and not intended to be exhaustive. The authors of this review further acknowledge the original contributors and publishers of the articles cited here for their potential scientific work, with a larger interest in academic excellency. VJR thank Dr. B. Parthasaradhi Reddy, Chairman, Hetero Drugs, and Dr. K. Ratnakar Reddy, Director HRF, Hyderabad, for encouragement. VJR thank CSIR-New Delhi for Emeritus Scientist Honor.
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Yadavalli, V.D.N., Vaidya, J.R. (2020). Applications of Ionic Liquids in Chemical Reactions. In: Inamuddin, Asiri, A. (eds) Nanotechnology-Based Industrial Applications of Ionic Liquids. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44995-7_15
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