Abstract
One of the aims of the Treaty of Lisbon (2007) was the “communitisation” of policies relating to an area of justice, freedom and security. Based on this, new precepts governing these matters were introduced in the TFEU, including Article 70 (= Article III-260 Draft TCE), which included innovations, as previously there was no provision in primary law for the mutual evaluations of MSs concerning freedom, security, and justice. However, it must be highlighted that the EU’s formal interest in issues of justice and internal affairs predates 2007 as it arose following the Maastricht Treaty (1992), which gave the EU powers in these areas. This is a sphere where there has been notable development in terms of the scope of action by the EU and also the MSs as it affects issues linked to their sovereignty. They have powers over the adoption of internal legal actions to transpose European mandates, particularly concerning freedom, security, and justice.
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Notes
- 1.
Martínez Alarcón (2017).
- 2.
Weyeneth and Breitenmoser, in von der Groeben et al. (2015), Article AEUV 70 para 2.
- 3.
Weyeneth and Breitenmoser, in von der Groeben et al. (2015), Article AEUV 70 para 3.
- 4.
Mariño (1995), p. 15.
- 5.
Suhr, in Calliess and Ruffert (2016), Article AEUV 70 para 1.
- 6.
Donaire Villa (2010), p. 337.
- 7.
Díaz Barrado and Olmos Giupponi (2004), p. 1047.
- 8.
Suhr, in Calliess and Ruffert (2016), Article AEUV 70 para 6.
- 9.
Díaz Barrado and Olmos Giupponi (2004), p. 1036.
- 10.
Röben, in Grabitz et al. (2010), Article 70 AEUV para 12–13.
- 11.
O.J. L 349/1 (2002).
- 12.
Council Regulation No 1053/2013 establishing an evaluation and monitoring mechanism to verify the application of the Schengen acquis, O.J. L 295/27 (2013).
- 13.
The background to this evaluation mechanism is the Schengen Standing Committee set up in 1998, see Decision of the Executive Committee of 16 September 1998, O.J. L 239/138 (2000).
- 14.
All cited Internet sources in this comment have been accessed on 9 December 2019.
References
All cited Internet sources in this comment have been accessed on 9 December 2019.
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Oller Rubert, M., García Macho, R. (2021). Article 70 [Evaluation of the Implementation of the Union Policies]. In: Blanke, HJ., Mangiameli, S. (eds) Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union – A Commentary. Springer Commentaries on International and European Law. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43511-0_71
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