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Article 48 [Social Security]

(ex-Article 42 TEC)

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Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union – A Commentary

Part of the book series: Springer Commentaries on International and European Law ((SCIEL))

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Abstract

Social security systems are contributory benefit schemes that are considered to be part of a State’s welfare system. They are insurance-based programmes that require the insured to pay premiums and enable them to claim benefits when the insured risk (e.g. retirement, sickness, involuntary unemployment) materialises.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    White (2004), p. 162. The same page of the book provides examples of the ways in which the application of different social security systems to the same situation may lead to obstacles to the free movement of workers. For an explanation of the rationale behind these requirements, see Van der Mei (2003), pp. 3–7.

  2. 2.

    Of course, as White explains, “[r]ecognition of the problems which arise where workers pay contributions in more than one country is not something first identified by the European Community. Co-ordination provisions were a feature of many bilateral trade treaties in order to protect those moving under the treaties”—White (2004), p. 163.

  3. 3.

    Article 51 TEEC provided: “The Council shall, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission, adopt such measures in the field of social security as are necessary to provide freedom of movement for workers; to this end, it shall make arrangements to secure for migrant workers and their dependants: (a) aggregation, for the purpose of acquiring and retaining the right to benefit, of all periods taken into account under the laws of the several countries; (b) payment of benefits to persons resident in the territories of Member States.”

  4. 4.

    Van der Mei (2003), p. 11.

  5. 5.

    Article 42 TEC provided: “The Council shall, acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251, adopt such measures in the field of social security as are necessary to provide freedom of movement for workers; to this end, it shall make arrangements to secure for migrant workers and their dependants: (a) aggregation, for the purpose of acquiring and retaining the right to benefit and of calculating the amount of benefit, of all periods taken into account under the laws of the several countries; (b) payment of benefits to persons resident in the territories of Member States. The Council shall act unanimously throughout the procedure referred to in Article 251.”

  6. 6.

    White (2004), pp. 166–167.

  7. 7.

    For more on welfare policies “as a remaining stronghold of the sovereign nation-state against the influence of EU law and policy” see Martinesen (2013), p. 54. For an explanation of the rationale behind the decision of the Treaty drafters not to include provisions giving competence to the EU to establish a “European welfare state” see Van der Mei (2003), pp. 10–11.

  8. 8.

    Case 24/75, Petroni (ECJ 21 October 1975) para 13.

  9. 9.

    Lipstein (1976), p. 56.

  10. 10.

    Case 41/84, Pinna (ECJ 15 January 1986) para 24–25.

  11. 11.

    White (2004), p. 165 (emphasis added).

  12. 12.

    Council Regulation No 1 determining the languages to be used by the European Economic Community, O.J. L 17/385 (1958).

  13. 13.

    Council Regulation 1408/71/EEC on the application of social security schemes to employed persons and their families moving within the Community, O.J. L 149/2 (1971) and Council Regulation 574/72/EEC fixing the procedure for implementing Regulation 1408/71 on the application of social security schemes to employed to employed persons and their families moving within the Community, O.J. L 74/1 (1972).

  14. 14.

    Parliament/Council Regulation 883/2004/EC on the application of social security schemes to employed persons, to self-employed persons, and to members of their families moving within the Community, O.J. L 166/1 (2004) and Parliament/Council Regulation 987/2009 laying down the procedure for implementing Regulation 883/2004 on the coordination of social security systems, O.J. L 284/1 (2009).

  15. 15.

    Martinsen (2005), p. 89.

  16. 16.

    Article 1 of Parliament/Council Regulation 1231/2010/EU extending Regulation 883/2004 and Regulation 987/2009 to nationals of third countries who are not already covered by those provisions solely on the ground of their nationality, O.J. L 344/1 (2010).

  17. 17.

    For more on the personal scope of the Regulation see Pennings (2005), pp. 244–247.

  18. 18.

    For more on the material scope of the Regulation see Pennings (2005), pp. 247–253.

  19. 19.

    Case C-153/91, Petit (ECJ 22 September 92) para 8–10.

  20. 20.

    Case 60/85, Luitjen (ECJ 10 July 1986) para 12–14.

  21. 21.

    Case 50/75, Massonet (ECJ 25 November 1975) para 15.

  22. 22.

    Case 73/72, Betzinger (ECJ 1 March 1973) para 3.

  23. 23.

    See also Article 11.3 (b), (c), (d), Article 11.4 and Article 15.

  24. 24.

    See also Article 5.

  25. 25.

    White (2004), p. 181.

  26. 26.

    Martinsen (2005), p. 91.

  27. 27.

    For recent books devoted to this area of law see, inter alia, Fuchs and Cornelissen (2015), Pennings and Vonk (2015), Pennings (2015) and Paju (2017).

  28. 28.

    Martinsen (2005), p. 91. See also, Van der Mei (2002), pp. 552–553.

  29. 29.

    Martinsen (2005), p. 92.

  30. 30.

    Case C-215/99, Jauch (ECJ 8 March 2001) para 25.

  31. 31.

    Case C-78/91, Hughes (ECJ 16 July 1992).

  32. 32.

    For more on the distinction between social security and social assistance, see White (2011), pp. 314–316.

  33. 33.

    White (2004), p. 168. See, also, Van der Mei (2002), p. 553. For comments on the distinction between social security and social assistance, see Martinsen (2005), pp. 91–92.

References

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Reading, Reading, UK

    Alina Tryfonidou

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  1. Alina Tryfonidou
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty for Economics, Law and Social Science, University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany

    Hermann-Josef Blanke

  2. Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy

    Stelio Mangiameli

List of Cases

List of Cases

1.1 ECJ

  • ECJ 01.03.1973, 73/72, Betzinger ECR 283 [cit. in para 10]

  • ECJ 21.10.1975, 24/75, Petroni ECR 1149 [cit. in para 5]

  • ECJ 25.11.1975, 50/75, Massonet ECR 1473 [cit. in para 9]

  • ECJ 15.01.1986, 41/84, Pinna ECR 1 [cit. in para 5]

  • ECJ 10.07.1986, 60/85, Luitjen ECR 2365 [cit. in para 9]

  • ECJ 16.07.1992, C-78/91, Hughes ECR I-4839 [cit. in para 15]

  • ECJ 22.09.1992, C-153/91, Petit ECR I-4973 [cit. in para 8]

  • ECJ 08.03.2001, C-215/99, Jauch ECR I-1901 [cit. in para 14]

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Tryfonidou, A. (2021). Article 48 [Social Security]. In: Blanke, HJ., Mangiameli, S. (eds) Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union – A Commentary. Springer Commentaries on International and European Law. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43511-0_49

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