Abstract
This provision was introduced into the original version of the EEC Treaty, as Article 50 TEEC. Following the Treaty of Amsterdam renumbering, it became Article 41 TEC and—without its wording being changed at all—it is now Article 47 TFEU. This is the only Treaty provision that targets young workers specifically; however, reference to young persons in general is made in a handful of Treaty provisions.
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Notes
- 1.
Article 6 TFEU (list of the EU’s supplementing, coordinating or supporting action), Article 165.2 TFEU (youth exchanges and participation of young people in democratic life in Europe), Article 166.2 TFEU (vocational policy), Article 214.5 TFEU (humanitarian aid).
- 2.
See Recital 2 of Council Decision 79/642/EEC establishing a second joint programme to encourage the exchange of young workers within the Community, O.J. L 185/24 (1979) and Recital 2 of Council Decision 84/636/EEC establishing a third joint programme to encourage the exchange of young workers within the Community, O.J. L 331/36 (1984).
- 3.
Copeland and ter Haar (2015), p. 215.
- 4.
Council Decision 64/307/EEC, First Joint Programme to encourage the exchange of young workers within the Community, O.J. L 1226/17 (1964).
- 5.
Article 1 of Council Decision 64/307/EEC. In subsequent programmes, the age group was reduced to the ages between 18 and 28.
- 6.
Article 11 of Council Decision 64/307/EEC.
- 7.
Article 9 of Council Decision 64/307/EEC.
- 8.
Council Decision 79/642/EEC establishing a second joint programme to encourage the exchange of young workers within the Community, O.J. L 185/24 (1979).
- 9.
Council Decision 84/636/EEC establishing a third joint programme to encourage the exchange of young workers within the Community, O.J. L 331/36 (1984).
- 10.
There are also a number of progress reports on each programme prepared by the Commission, as required by the Decisions establishing the programmes. See, for instance, Report from the Commission to the Council (the 1st Report on the 2nd joint programme) on exchange of young workers programme. COM(82) 376 final (1982); the 2nd Report by the Commission to the Council on the progress of the 2nd joint programme for exchange of young workers. COM(84) 255 final (1984); Second Report by the Commission on the 3rd joint programme for exchange of young workers. COM(90) 377 final (1990); Third Report by the Commission on the 3rd joint programme for exchange of young workers. COM(1992) 512 final (1992).
- 11.
The Leonardo da Vinci programme was established by Council Decision 94/819/EC establishing an action programme for the implementation of a European Community vocational training policy, O.J. L 340/8 (1994).
- 12.
The Erasmus programme was established by Council Decision 87/327/EEC adopting the European Community Action Scheme for the Mobility of University Students (Erasmus), O.J. L166/20 (1987).
- 13.
De Witte (2001), p. 253.
- 14.
The Lifelong Learning Programme (LLP) was established by Parliament/Council Decision 1720/2006/EC on establishing an action programme in the field of lifelong learning, O.J. L 327/45 (2006).
- 15.
The Socrates (1995–1999) programme was established by Parliament/Council Decision 819/95/EC establishing the Community action programme ‘Socrates’, O.J. L 87/10 (1995) and the Socrates II (2000-2006) programme was established by Parliament/Council Decision 253/2000/EC establishing the second phase of the Community programme in the field of education ‘Socrates’, O.J. L 28/1 (2000).
- 16.
The Erasmus+ programme was established by Parliament/Council Regulation 1288/2013/EU establishing ‘Erasmus+’: the Union programme for education, training, youth and, O.J. L 347/50 (2013).
- 17.
Parliament/Council Regulation 1296/2013/EU on a European Union Programme for Employment and Social Innovation (“EaSI”) and amending Decision No 283/2010/EU establishing a European Progress Microfinance Facility for employment and social inclusion, O.J. L 347/238 (2013).
References
Copeland, P., & ter Haar, B. (2015). The coordinated Governance of EU social security policy. In F. Pennings & G. Vonk (Eds.), Research handbook on European social security law. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
De Witte, B. (2001). Chameleonic member states: Differentiation by means of partial and parallel international agreements. In B. de Witte, D. Hanf, & E. Vos (Eds.), The many faces of differentiation in EU law. Antwerp: Intersentia.
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Tryfonidou, A. (2021). Article 47 [Exchange of Young Workers]. In: Blanke, HJ., Mangiameli, S. (eds) Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union – A Commentary. Springer Commentaries on International and European Law. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43511-0_48
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