Abstract
Extra-high-voltage (EHV) underground cables are becoming a preferred solution for new connections in transmission networks. The visual impact of high-voltage towers on the landscape and health concerns related to electromagnetic fields are the main drivers for society to prefer underground cables (UGCs), especially in densely populated areas. In the Netherlands, EHV underground cables have been installed recently as part of the Randstad380 project [1]. The configuration, i.e. double circuits of 2x2635 MVA with 2 individual cables per circuit phase, and the fact that these UGCs are part of the heavily loaded 380 kV transmission network make this project rather unique. This chapter studies the reliability of EHV underground cables and the impact on the reliability of large transmission networks.
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Notes
- 1.
This section is based on the work published in [9]. ©2015 IEEE, reprinted with permission.
References
TenneT TSO, Ministries of EZ and I&M (2015) Randstad380 project website http://www.randstad380kv.nl/
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Hoogendorp G (2016) Steady state and transient behavior of underground cables in 380 kV transmission grids, PhD thesis. Department of Electrical Engineering, Electrical Sustainable Energy, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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Problems
Problems
7.1
Learning Objectives
Please check the learning objectives as given at the beginning of this chapter.
7.2
Main Concepts
Please check whether you understand the following concepts:
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Cable circuit;
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Cable part;
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Joint;
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Termination;
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Repair process of underground cables;
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Partial cabling;
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Embedded cable circuit;
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Dependent failure factor;
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Cable circuit configuration;
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Series impedance compensation;
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Islanding of substations.
7.3
Underground Cable Failure Statistics
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What are the challenges regarding failure statistics of EHV underground cables?
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Mention some sources of underground cable statistics.
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How were the failure frequency and repair time of EHV underground cables determined?
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What is causing the long repair time of underground cables?
7.4
Underground Cable Circuit Reliability
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How can the failure frequency and unavailability of an UGC circuit be calculated?
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How can the (independent) failure frequency and unavailability of an UGC double circuit be calculated?
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How can the (dependent) failure frequency and unavailability of an UGC double circuit be calculated?
7.5
Underground Cable Reliability Improvement
What are the solutions to improve the reliability of an underground cable circuit?
7.6
Underground Cables in Large Transmission Networks
What can be concluded from the studies of EHV underground cables in large transmission networks?
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Tuinema, B.W., Rueda Torres, J.L., Stefanov, A.I., Gonzalez-Longatt, F.M., van der Meijden, M.A.M.M. (2020). Extra-High-Voltage Underground Cables. In: Probabilistic Reliability Analysis of Power Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43498-4_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43498-4_7
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