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An Extended Framework for Characterizing Social Robots

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Book cover Human-Robot Interaction

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Bio- and Neurosystems ((SSBN,volume 12))

Abstract

Social robots are becoming increasingly diverse in their design, behavior, and usage. In this chapter, we provide a broad-ranging overview of the main characteristics that arise when one considers social robots and their interactions with humans. We specifically contribute a framework for characterizing social robots along seven dimensions that we found to be most relevant to their design. These dimensions are: appearance, social capabilities, purpose and application area, relational role, autonomy and intelligence, proximity, and temporal profile. Within each dimension, we account for the variety of social robots through a combination of classifications and/or explanations. Our framework builds on and goes beyond existing frameworks, such as classifications and taxonomies found in the literature. More specifically, it contributes to the unification, clarification, and extension of key concepts, drawing from a rich body of relevant literature. This chapter is meant to serve as a resource for researchers, designers, and developers within and outside the field of social robotics. It is intended to provide them with tools to better understand and position existing social robots, as well as to inform their future design.

Kim Baraka and Patrícia Alves-Oliveira have contributed equally to this chapter.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    http://www.roboticgizmos.com/android-things-robotic-flower/.

  2. 2.

    https://www.amazon.com/Lollipop-Cleaner-Mushroom-Portable-Sweeper/dp/B01LXCBM3E.

  3. 3.

    https://www.softbankrobotics.com/emea/en/nao.

  4. 4.

    http://www.geminoid.jp/en/robots.html.

  5. 5.

    http://www.geminoid.jp/projects/kibans/resources.html.

  6. 6.

    http://elumotion.com/index.php/portfolio/project-title-1.

  7. 7.

    https://us.aibo.com/.

  8. 8.

    http://www.parorobots.com/.

  9. 9.

    http://consequentialrobotics.com/miroe/.

  10. 10.

    https://beatbots.net/my-keepon.

  11. 11.

    https://travelmaterobotics.com/.

  12. 12.

    https://waymo.com/.

  13. 13.

    https://www.turtlebot.com/.

  14. 14.

    https://suitabletech.com/.

  15. 15.

    https://www.mistyrobotics.com/.

  16. 16.

    https://www.rethinkrobotics.com/baxter/.

  17. 17.

    https://furby.hasbro.com/en-us.

  18. 18.

    https://www.bee-bot.us/.

  19. 19.

    https://babyalive.hasbro.com/.

  20. 20.

    An annual robot art competition is held to encourage the use of robots in the visual arts http://robotart.org/.

  21. 21.

    https://www.irobot.com/for-the-home/vacuuming/roomba.

  22. 22.

    http://www.moley.com/.

  23. 23.

    http://www.laundry-robotics.com/.

  24. 24.

    https://aethon.com/.

  25. 25.

    http://www.bossanova.com.

  26. 26.

    https://groove-x.com/en/.

  27. 27.

    https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-46466531.

  28. 28.

    https://www.amazon.com/Amazon-Prime-Air/b?ie=UTF8&node=8037720011.

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Acknowledgements

We would first like to thank Céline Jost for inviting us to be part of this book project and for contributing to the initial stages of the manuscript. Additionally, this book chapter would have not been possible without the valuable comments and suggestions of Prof. Ana Paiva. We would also like to thank the participants and co-organizers of the HRI Reading Group at Instituto Superior Técnico for sparking many discussions that influenced the content of this chapter. We would finally like to acknowledge the Global Communication Center at CMU for their feedback on one of our drafts. K. Baraka acknowledges the CMU-Portugal INSIDE project grant CMUP-ERI/HCI/0051/2013 and Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) grants with ref. SFRH/BD/128359/2017 and UID/CEC/50021/2019. P. Alves-Oliveira acknowledges a grant from FCT with ref. SFRH/BD/110223/2015. The views and conclusions in this document are those of the authors only.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Kim Baraka

  2. Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL) and CIS-IUL, 1649-026, Lisbon, Portugal

    Patrícia Alves-Oliveira

  3. INESC-ID, 2744-016, Porto Salvo, Portugal

    Kim Baraka, Patrícia Alves-Oliveira & Tiago Ribeiro

  4. Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2744-016, Porto Salvo, Portugal

    Kim Baraka & Tiago Ribeiro

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  1. Kim Baraka
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  2. Patrícia Alves-Oliveira
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  3. Tiago Ribeiro
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Correspondence to Kim Baraka or Patrícia Alves-Oliveira .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University Paris 8, Saint-Denis, France

    Céline Jost

  2. IUT de Vannes—Département STID, University of South Brittany, Vannes, France

    Brigitte Le Pévédic

  3. IDLab—imec—ELIS, Ghent, Belgium

    Tony Belpaeme

  4. Social, Therapeutic, and Robotic Systems Lab, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA

    Cindy Bethel

  5. Robotics and Automation Group, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

    Dimitrios Chrysostomou

  6. Research and Knowledge Exchange, Faculty of Technology, Design and Environment, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK

    Nigel Crook

  7. Laboratoire Ethologie Animale et Humaine, Université Rennes 1, Paimpont, France

    Marine Grandgeorge

  8. Center for Human-Computer Interaction, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria

    Nicole Mirnig

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Baraka, K., Alves-Oliveira, P., Ribeiro, T. (2020). An Extended Framework for Characterizing Social Robots. In: Jost, C., et al. Human-Robot Interaction. Springer Series on Bio- and Neurosystems, vol 12. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42307-0_2

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