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Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with (f)MRI

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Abstract

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive and painless tool for the electrical stimulation of the human cortex. TMS depolarizes cortical neurons and can evoke measurable electrophysiological and behavioral effects. TMS is usually applied to one cortical area but can also be given to two or more areas (i.e., multisite TMS). Single or paired stimuli and short stimulus trains (i.e., high-frequency bursts) provide a means of transiently disrupting ongoing neuronal processing in the stimulated cortex. Repetitive TMS (rTMS) refers to the application of prolonged trains of stimuli, which are either given continuously as long trains at a constant rate (continuous rTMS) or intermittently as repetitive bursts (i.e., intermittent or burst-like rTMS). rTMS can modify the excitability of the cerebral cortex at the stimulated site and also at remote interconnected brain regions, beyond the time of stimulation. Its neuromodulatory effects make rTMS a valuable tool for studying the functional plasticity and short-term reorganization of neuronal networks and may be used therapeutically in patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lise Meitner Research Group Cognition and Plasticity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany

    Gesa Hartwigsen

  2. Department of Psychology, Center for the Study of Brain, Mind & Behavior, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA

    Tanja Kassuba

  3. Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark

    Hartwig R. Siebner

Authors
  1. Gesa Hartwigsen
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  2. Tanja Kassuba
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  3. Hartwig R. Siebner
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gesa Hartwigsen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland

    Stephan Ulmer

  2. Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany

    Olav Jansen

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Hartwigsen, G., Kassuba, T., Siebner, H.R. (2020). Combining Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with (f)MRI. In: Ulmer, S., Jansen, O. (eds) fMRI. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41874-8_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41874-8_12

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