Abstract
The Least Developed Countries (LDC) Group supports LDCs to negotiate as a bloc at the intergovernmental negotiations under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change sessions, to effectively represent their collective needs. As the poorest countries in the world, the 47 LDCs are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The LDC Group represents these nations at the UN climate change negotiations, where we work to secure fair and ambitious action to tackle the global challenge of climate change. Accordingly, the 47 countries that form the LDC Group are actively voicing their interests and needs within the international climate change negotiation process not only within but under the group of G77 and China. The LDC Group has been an advocate for a strong G77 and China position, especially on adaptation. Even though in many instances finding a common position has been difficult among the member countries of the G77 and China, adaptation is one of the issues that makes developing countries one.
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Notes
- 1.
Article 4, paragraph 9 of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change.
- 2.
Information on the categorization, listing, criteria and status of the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) is maintained by the United Nation’s Department of Economic and Social Affairs. For more information, visit, https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/least-developed-country-category.html.
- 3.
Personal notes, Thinley Namgyel, 2000.
- 4.
The LDCs formally formed as a negotiating group at the 13th Session of the Subsidiary Bodies of the UNFCCC with Vanuatu as the chair of the group. For records of first statements by LDCs as group see http://enb.iisd.org/climate/sb13/15sept.html and http://www.iisd.ca/climate/sb13/.
- 5.
See report on statement by Vanuatu on behalf of LDCs in “Summary of The Thirteenth Sessions of The Subsidiary Bodies of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change: 4–15 September 2000, Vol. 12 No. 151, Page 10.
- 6.
Desanker (2004), 192p.
- 7.
Ibid.
- 8.
Resolution 2/CP.6 of 25 November 2000 was adopted by the Sixth Conference of Parties of the UNFCCC as input to Third United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries in May 2001, where the “Brussels Programme of Action for the Least Developed Countries for the Decade 2001–2010” was adopted.
- 9.
Submission by Lesotho on Behalf of the Least Developed Countries on Fulfillment of the Bali Action Plan and the components of the agreed outcome to be adopted by the Conference of the Parties at its fifteenth session (AWG-LCA). Submitted on 30 April 2009.
- 10.
Submission by Lesotho for LDCs on AWG-LCA: Adaptation submitted on 8 June 2009.
- 11.
LDC Position on Adaptation for AWG-LCA finalized on 02 October 2009.
- 12.
Personal notes, Thinley Namgyel 2007–2009.
- 13.
See report of GCF and the GEF to the Conference of Parties. The dates of approval of financing by the funds and receipt of funds by recipient LDCs do vary as do the types of support with some support specifically for NAP formulation and others nebulously described as support for elements of the NAP process.
- 14.
The decision 3/CP.24 by COP in 2014 at Lima on NAPs would for the first time explicitly mention that LDCs and other interested developing countries could forward NAPs documents as an out of their national NAP process to NAP Central of the UNFCCC.
- 15.
See reports of the Adaptation Committee to the COP in 2013 and 2014 based on its mandate to develop modalities and guidelines for NAPs to support non-LDC developing countries.
- 16.
LDC adaptation group position in 2015.
- 17.
Decision 1/CP.13 Bali Action Plan, FCCC/CP/2007/6/Add.1.
- 18.
Personal notes during the negotiations leading up to the adoption of the Paris Agreement, Thinley Namgyel, 2015.
- 19.
Personal notes, Thinley Namgyel 2010.
- 20.
What the Paris Climate Agreement means for vulnerable nations. The New Yorker-Dec 15, 2015 4:40 pm.
- 21.
Abeysinghe, A., Craft, B., & Tenzing, J. (2016). (REP.). International Institute for Environment and Development. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep02657.
- 22.
Submissions by the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia on behalf of the Group of Least Developed Countries on agenda item 4: Further guidance in relation to the adaptation communication, including, inter alia, as a component of Nationally Determined Contributions, referred to in Article 7, paragraphs 10 and 11, of the Paris Agreement. Submitted in March and September 2017.
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Bernardo, C.S., Endalew, G.J., Namgyel, T., Gebreyes, B.Y. (2020). Least Developed Countries (LDCs). In: Bueno Rubial, M., Siegele, L. (eds) Negotiating Climate Change Adaptation. Springer Climate. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41021-6_6
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