Abstract
Salt-affected soils occur in the areas where excess dissolved mineral salts accumulate in the root zone that crop yields are adversely affected from the salts released by weathering of rock or those initially present in the soil-forming materials. In addition, evaporation and transpiration processes, due to high temperatures and droughts, can cause salt movement with capillary action inducing its accumulation in surface soil. Excess amounts of salts cause adverse effects on the physical and chemical properties of soil, microbiological processes and food security. Biochar produced from rice husk (RH) under the pyrolysis condition (400–500 °C) from a retort designed to produce laboratory quality biochar that is easy for farmers to use in order to promote self- sustaining biochar production. This study aimed to explore the use of rice husk biochar as a soil amendment in order to solve the salt- affected soil problems. The study area was Bung O sub- district, Kham Thale So district where the critical of salt-affected soil and drought area in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. The results indicated that adding RH biochar with organic fertilizer into soil can improve both physical and chemical properties in every parameter. Particularly, the soil became less alkalinity. The results also showed an increased ion exchange capacity, higher amount of major and minor soil nutrients and the reduced amount of all sodium in the soil in every parameter. This included the absorption rate of sodium in the soil, the conductance of the soil, all of the amount of sodium in the soil, and the increasing amount of exchangeable magnesium and the amount of exchangeable calcium. The two elements contained positive ions which could replace the sodium ions in the salty soil making the soil less salty.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abdullaeva Y (2014) Biochar effects on fertility of saline and alkaline soils (Navoiy Region, Uzbekistan). Thesis PhD in Agriculture, University of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan
Abrishamkesh S, Gorji M, Asadi H, Bagheri-Marandi GH, Pourbabaee AA (2015) Effects of rice husk biochar application on the properties of alkaline soil and lentil growth. Plant Soil Environ 61(11):475–482
Aggelides SM, Londra PA (2000) Effects of compost produced from town wastes and sewage sludge on the physical properties of a loamy and a clay soil. Bioresour Technol 71(3):253–259
Akhtar SS, Andersen MN, Liua F (2015a) Residual effects of biochar on improving growth, physiology and yield of wheat under salt stress. Agric Water Manag 158:61–68
Akhtar SS, Andersen MN, Liu F (2015b) Biochar mitigates salinity stress in potato. J Agri Crop Sci 201:368–378
Alcívar M, Zurita-Silva A, Sandoval M, Muñoz C, Schoebitz M (2018) Reclamation of saline–sodic soils with combined amendments: impact on quinoa performance and biological soil quality. Sustainability 10(9):30–83
Amelong W, Flach KW, Zech W (1997) Climate effects on soil organic matter composition in great plain. Soil Sci Soc Am J 61:115–123
Amini S, Ghadiri H, Chen C, Marschner P (2015) Salt-affected soils, reclamation, carbon dynamics, and biochar: a review. J Soils Sediments 16(3):939–953
Amonette J, Joseph S (2009) Characteristics of biochar: micro chemical properties. In: Lehmann J, Joseph S (eds) Biochar for environmental management: science and technology. Earthscan, London, pp 33–52
Arjumend T, Abbasi MK, Rafique E (2015) Effects of lignite-derived Humic acid on some selected soil properties, growth and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum Aestivum l) grown under greenhouse conditions. Pak J Bot 47(6):2231–2238
Atkinson CJ, Fitzgerald JD, Hipps NA (2010) Potential mechanisms for achieving agricultural benefits from biochar application to temperate soils: a review. Plant Soil 337:1–18
Bacilio M, Rodriguez H, Moreno M, Hernandez J-P, Bashan Y (2004) Mitigation of salt stress in wheat seedlings by a gfp-tagged Azospirillum lipoferum. Biol Fertil Soils 40:188–193
Bhogal A, Nicholson FA, Chambers BJ (2009) Organic carbon additions: effects on soil bio-physical and physico-chemical properties. Eur J Soil Sci 60:276–286
Blaylock AD (1994) Soil salinity, salt tolerance and growth potential of horticultural and landscape plants. Co-operative Extension Service, University of Wyoming, Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture, Laramie, Wyoming
Brady NC, Weil RR (2008) The nature and properties of soil, 14th edn. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River
Brinck E, Frost C (2009) Evaluation of amendments used to prevent sodification of irrigated fields. Appl Geochem 24(11):2113–2122
Cao X, Harris W (2010) Properties of dairy-manure-derived biochar pertinent to its potential use in remediation. Bioresour Technol 101:5222–5228
Chaganti VN, Crohn MD (2015) Evaluating the relative contribution of physiochemical and biological factors in ameliorating a saline-sodic soil amended with composts and biochar and leached with reclaimed water. Geoderma 259-260:45–55
Chaganti VN, Crohn DM, Simunek J (2015) Leaching and reclamation of a biochar and compost amended saline–sodic soil with moderate SAR reclaimed water. Agric Water Manag 158:255–265
Chan KY, Van Zwieten L, Meszaros I, Downie A, Joseph S (2007) Agronomic values of greenwaste biochar as a soil amendment. Aust J Soil Res 45(8):629
Chan KY, Van Zwieten LV, Meszaros I, Downie A, Joseph S (2008) Using poultry litter biochars as soil amendments. Aust J Soil Res 46:437–444
Chen Z, Zhou M, Newman IA, Mendham NJ, Zhang G, Shabala S (2007) Potassium and sodium relations in salinised barley tissues as a basis of differential salt tolerance. Funct Plant Biol 34(2):150
Chen B, Zhou D, Zhu L (2008) Transitional adsorption and partition of nonpolar and polar aromatic contaminants by biochars of pine needles with different pyrolytic temperatures. Environ Sci Technol 42:5137–5143
Chen Y, Yang H, Wang X, Zhang S, Chen H (2012) Biomass-based pyrolytic polygeneration system on cotton stalk pyrolysis: influence of temperature. Bioresour Technol 107:411–418
Cheng CH, Lehmann J, Thies JE, Burton SD, Engelhard MH (2006) Oxidation of black carbon by biotic and abiotic processes. Org Geochem 37:1477–1488
Cheng CH, Lehmann J, Engelhard M (2008) Natural oxidation of black carbon in soils: changes in molecular form and surface charge along a climosequence. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 72:1598–1610
Chintala R, Schumacher TE, McDonald LM, Clay DE, Malo DD, Papiernik SK, Clay SA, Julson JL (2014) Phosphorus sorption and availability from biochars and soil/biochar mixtures. Clean (Weinh) 42:626–634
Collins H (2008) Use of biochar from the pyrolysis of waste organic material as a soil amendment: laboratory and greenhouse analyses. A quarterly progress report prepared for the Biochar Project (December 2008)
Department of Mineral Resources (1982) Geologic map of Thailand. Department of Mineral Resources, Thailand
Division of Mineral Resources Conservation and Management (2015) Saline soil area development in the northeast: geological approaches. Research report. Department of Mineral Resources Conservation and Management, Bangkok
Downie A, Crosky A, Munroe P (2009) Physical properties of biochar. In: Lehmann J, Joseph S (eds) Biochar for environmental management: science and technology. Earthscan, London, pp 13–32
Downie AE, Munroe P, Cowie A, Van Zwieten L, Lau D (2012) Biochar as a geo-engineering climate solution: hazard identification and risk management. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 42:225–250
El-Zanaty AA, El-Nour A, El-Fouly MM (2006) Modern methods for counteracting salinity stress: a review. In: 2nd International conference on water resources and arid environments 26–29 November, 2006. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Eynard A, Schumacher TE, Lindstrom MJ, Malo DD, Kohl RA (2006) Effects of aggregate structure and organic C on wettability of Ustolls. Soil Till Res 88:205–216
FAO (1988) Saline soil and their management. Available from: http://www.fao.org/docrep/x5871e/x5871e04.htm [25 February 2015]
FAO (2009) The research progress of biomass pyrolysis processes. Available from: http://www.fao.org/docrep/t4470e/t4470e0a.htm [5 January 2015]
Feng DD, Zhao YJ, Zhang Y, Sun SZ, Gao JM (2018) Steam gasification of sawdust biochar influenced by chemical speciation of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species. Energies 11(1):1–16
Flowers TJ, Hajibagheri MA, Clipson NJW (1986) Halophytes. Q Rev Biol 61:313–337
Glaser B, Lehmann J, Zech W (2002) Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal: a review. Biol Fert Soils 35:219–230
Grover A, Aggarwal PK, Kapoor A, Katiyar-Agarwal S, Agarwal M, Chandramouli A (2003) Addressing abiotic stresses in agriculture through transgenic technology. Curr Sci 84:355–367
Hammer EC, Forstreuter M, Rillig MC, Kohler J (2015) Biochar increases arbuscular mycorrhizal plant growth enhancement and ameliorates salinity stress. Appl Soil Ecol 96:114–121
Hardie M, Clothier B, Bound S, Oliver G, Close D (2014) Does biochar influence soil physical properties and soil water availability? Plant Soil 376:347–361
Hati KM, Swarup A, Dwivedi AK, Misra AK, Bandyopadhyay KK (2007) Changes in soil physical properties and organic carbon status at the topsoil horizon of a vertisol of central India after 28 years of continuous cropping, fertilization and manuring. Agric Ecosyst Environ 119:127–134
Herath HMSK, Camps-Arbestain M, Hedley M (2013) Effect of biochar on soil physical properties in two contrasting soils: an Alfisol and an Andisol. Geoderma 209–210:188–197
Hinrich LB, Brian LM, O’Connor GA (2001) Soil chemistry, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York
Hinsinger P, Plassard C, Tang C, Jaillard B (2003) Origins of root-mediated pH changes in the rhizosphere and their responses to environmental constraints: a review. Plant Soil 248:43–59
IBI (2014) Standardized product definition and product testing guidelines for biochar that is use in soil. Version 2 [online] Available from: https://www.biochar-internationalorg/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/IBI_Biochar_Standards_V2%200_final_2014.pdf [1 March 2015]
IBI (2015) Standardized product definition and product testing guidelines for biochar that is use in soil. Version 2.1 [online] Available from: https://biochar-international.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/IBI_Biochar_Standards_V21_Final1.pdf [1 May 2017]
Jalali M (2008) Effect of sodium and magnesium on kinetics of potassium release in some calcareous soils of western Iran. Geoderma 145(3):207–215
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) (1991) The master plan study on the integrated rural development of salt-affected land in Northeast Thailand- Main Report and Appendix. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), 199p
Jien S-H, Wang C-S (2013) Effects of biochar on soil properties and erosion potential in a highly weathered soil. Catena 110:225–233
Jones BEH, Haynes RJ, Phillips IR (2010) Effect of amendment of bauxite processing sand with organic materials on its chemical, physical and microbial properties. J Environ Manag 91:2281–2288
Joseph S, Peacocke C, Lehmann J, Munroe P (2009) Developing a biochar classification and test methods. In: Lehmann J, Joseph S (eds) Biochar for environmental management. Earthscan, London, pp 107–126
Kammann C, Linsel S, Goßling JW, Koyro HW (2011) Influence of biochar on drought tolerance of Chenopodium quinoa willd and on soil-plant relations. Plant Soil 345:195–210
Kaymakanova M, Stoeva N, Mincheva T (2008) Salinity and its effects on the physiological response of bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.). J Cent Eur Agric 9(4):749–756
Kim KH, Kim JY, Cho TS, Choi JW (2012) Influence of pyrolysis temperature on physical properties of biochar obtained from the fast pyrolysis of pitch pine (Pinus rigida). Bioresour Technol 118:158–162
Kim HS, Kim KR, Yang JE, Ok YS, Owens G, Nehls T, Wessolek G, Kim KH (2016) Effect of biochar on reclaimed tidal land soil properties and maize (Zea mays L) response. Chemosphere 142:153–159
Kovda VA, Hagan RM, van den Berg C (1973) Irrigation, drainage and salinity: an international source book. FAO/UNESCO, Paris
Laird D, Fleming P, Wang B, Horton R, Karlen D (2010) Biochar impact on nutrient leaching from a Midwestern agricultural soil. Geoderma 158:436–442
Lakhdar A, Rabhi M, Ghnaya T, Montemurro F, Jedidi N, Abdelly C (2009) Effectiveness of compost use in salt-affected soil. J Hazard Mate 171:29–37
Lashari MS, Liua Y, Li L, Pan W, Fu J, Pana G, Zheng J, Zheng J, Zhang X, Yu X (2013) Effects of amendment of biochar-manure compost in conjunction with pyroligneous solution on soil quality and wheat yield of a salt-stressed cropland from Central China Great Plain. Field Crop Res 144:113–118
Lashari MS, Ye Y, Ji H, Li L, Grace WK, Lu H, Zheng J, Pan G (2015) Biochar-manure compost in conjunction with pyroligneous solution alleviated maize salt stress and improved growth in a salt affected soil from Central China: a two-year field experiment. J Sci Food Agric 95:1321–1327
Lehmann J, Joseph S (2009) Biochar for environmental management: an introduction. In: Lehmann J, Joseph S (eds) Biochar for environmental management: science and technology. Earthscan, London, pp 1–13
Lehmann J, da Silva JP Jr, Steiner C, Nehls T, Zech W, Glaser B (2003) Nutrient availability and leaching in an archaeological Anthrosol and a Ferralsol of the Central Amazon basin: fertilizer, manure and charcoal amendments. Plant Soil 249:343–357
Lehmann J, Kern DC, Glaser B, Woods WI (2007) Amazonian dark earths: origin properties management. Springer, New York
Lehmann J, Czimczik C, Laird D, Sohi S (2009) Stability of biochar in soil. In: Lehmann J, Joseph S (eds) Biochar for environmental management: science and technology. Earthscan, London, pp 169–182
Leksungnoen N (2006) Some ecological characteristics and adaptations of natural vegetation in saline soil, Amphoe Khan Thale So, Changwat Nakhon Ratchasima. Dissertation, Kasetsart University, Bangkok (in Thai with English abstract)
Liang B, Lehmann J, Solomon D, Kinyangi J, Grossman J, O’Neill B, Neves EG (2006) Black carbon increases cation exchange capacity in soils. Soil Sci Soc Am J 70:1719–1730
Liu XH, Zhang XC (2012) Effect of biochar on pH of alkaline soils in the loess plateau: results from incubation experiments. Int J Agr Biol 14:745–750
Mahmoud EFA-H, Hegazy HS, Hassan NS, Naguib DM (2011) Effect of silica ions and nano silica on rice plants under salinity stress. Ecol Eng 99:282–289
Major J, Rondon M, Molina D, Riha SJ, Lehmann J (2010) Maize yield and nutrition during 4 years after biochar application to a Colombian savanna oxisol. Plant Soil 333:117–128
Makoi JHJR, Ndakidemi PA (2007) Reclamation of sodic soils in northern Tanzania, using locally available organic and inorganic resources. Afr J Biotechnol 6:1926–1931
Manchanda G, Garg N (2008) Salinity and its effects on the functional biology of legumes. Acta Physiol Plant 30:595–618
Mansaray KG, Ghaly AE (1997) Physical and thermochemical properties of rice husk. Energy Sources 19(9):989–1004
Martinez-Beltran J, Manzur CL (2005) Overview of salinity problems in the world and FAO strategies to address the problem. In: Proceedings of the International Salinity Forum, Riverside, California, pp 311–313
Martinsen V, Alling V, Nurida NL, Mulder J, Hale SE, Ritz C, Rutherford DW, Heikens A, Breedveld GD, Cornelissen G (2015) pH effects of the addition of three biochars to acidic Indonesian mineral soils. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 61:821–834
Mathur N, Singh J, Bohra S, Bohra A, Vyas A (2006) Improved productivity of mung bean by application of thiourea under arid conditions. World J Agric Sci 2:185–187
Mathurasa L, Damrongsiri S (2017) Potential of using surfactants to enhance ammonium and nitrate adsorption on rice husk and its biochar. Appl Envion Res 39:11–22
Melas GB, Ortiz O, Alacaniz JM (2017) Can biochar protect labile organic matter against mineralization in the soil? Pedosphere 27:822–831
Metson AJ (1961) Methods of chemical analysis for soil survey samples. Soil Bureau Bulletin 12, Department of Scientific, Industrial Research, New Zealand
Metternicht GI, Zinck JA (2003) Remote sensing of soil salinity: potentials and constraints. Remote Sens Environ 85:1–20
Munns R (2005) Genes and salt tolerance: bringing them together. New Phytol 167:645–663
Nigussie A, Kissi E, Misganaw M, Ambaw G (2012) Effect of biochar application on soil properties and nutrient uptake of lettuces (Lactuca sativa) grown in chromium polluted soils. Am Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci 12:369–376
Novak JM, Busscher WJ, Laird DL, Ahmedna M, Watts DW, Niandou MAS (2009) Impact of biochar amendment on fertility of a southeastern coastal plain soil. Soil Sci 174:105–112
Nwajiaku IM, Sato K, Tokunari T, Kitano S, Masunaga T (2018a) Improvement of rice husk residue silicon availability for replenishing available silicon in paddy soil. Int J Plant Soil Sci 24:1–11
Nwajiaku IM, Olanrewaju JS, Sato K, Tokunari T, Kitano T, Masunaga T (2018b) Change in nutrient composition of biochar from rice husk and sugarcane bagasse at varying pyrolytic temperatures. Int J Recycl Org Waste Agric 7:269–276
Obia A, Cornelissen G, Mulder J, Dörsch P (2015) Effect of soil pH increase by biochar on NO, N2O and N2 production during denitrification in acid soils. PLoS One 10:e0138781
Orcutt DM, Nilsen ET (2000) The physiology of plants under stress soil and biotic factors. Wiley, New York, 680 pp
Ouédraogo JT, Maheshwari V, Berner DK, St-Pierre C-A, Belzile F, Timko MP (2001) Identification of AFLP markers linked to resistance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) to Striga gesnerioides. Theor Appl Genet 102:1029–1036
Parry DW, Smithson F (1964) Types of opaline silica depositions in the leave of British Grasses. Ann Bot 28:169–185
Qadir M, Oster J (2002) Vegetative bioremediation of calcareous sodic soils: history, mechanisms, and evaluation. Irrig Sci 21(3):91–101
Qadir M, Oster J (2004) Crop and irrigation management strategies for saline-sodic soils and waters aimed at environmentally sustainable agriculture. Sci Total Environ 323(1–3):1–19
Rajakovich S, Enders A, Hanley K, Hyland C, Zimmerman AR, Lehmann J (2012) Corn growth and nitrogen nutrition after additions of biochars with varying properties to a temperate soil. Biol Fert Soils 48:271–284
Raul L, Andres O, Armado L, Bernardo M, Enrique T (2003) Response to salinity of three grain legumes for potential cultivation in arid areas (plant nutrition). Soil Sci Plant Nutr 49(3):329–336
Rengasamy P (2006) World salinization with emphasis on Australia. J Exp Bot 57(5):1017–1023
Rengasamy P (2010) Soil processes affecting crop production in salt-affected soils. Funct Plant Biol 37:613–620
Richard LA (1954) Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkalis soils. Agriculture, 160, Handbook 60. US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, 160 pp
Saifullah DS, Naeem A, Rengel Z, Naidu R (2018) Biochar application for the remediation of salt- affected soils: challenges and opportunities. Sci Total Environ 625:320–335
Schmidt MWI, Noack AG (2000) Black carbon in soils and sediments: analysis, distribution, implications and current challenges. Global Biogeochem Cy 14:777–793
Schubert S, Neubert A, Schierholt A, Sümer A, Zörb C (2009) Development of salt-resistant maize hybrids: the combination of physiological strategies using conventional breeding methods. Plant Sci 177(3):196–202
Schultz E, Chatterjee A, DeSutter T, Franzan D (2017) Sodic soil reclamation potential of gypsum and biochar addition: influence on physiochemical properties and soil respiration. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 48:1792–1803
Shahbaz M, Ashraf M (2013) Improving salinity tolerance in cereals. Crit Rev Plant Sci 32(4):237–249
Shaygan M, Reading LP, Baumgartl T (2017) Effect of physical amendments on salt leaching characteristics for reclamation. Geoderma 292:96–110
Sheldon A, Menzies NW, So HB, Dalal R (2004) The effect of salinity on plant available water SuperSoil 2004: 3rd Australian New Zealand Soils Conference, 5–9 December 2004, University of Sydney, Australia
Shi D, Wang D (2005) Effects of various salt-alkaline mixed stresses on Aneurolepidium chinense (Trin.) Kitag. Plant Soil 271(1–2):15–26
Slavich PG, Sinclair K, Morris SG, Kimber SWL, Downie A, Van Zwieten L (2013) Contrasting effects of manure and green waste biochars on the properties of an acidic ferralsol and productivity of a subtropical pasture. Plant Soil 366:213–227
Sohi S, Lopez-Capel E, Krull E, Bol R (2009) Biochar’s roles in soil and climate change: a review of research needs. CSIRO Land and Water Science Report 05/09, 64 pp
Sriburi T, Wijitkosum S (2016) Biochar amendment experiments in Thailand: practical examples. In: Bruckman VJ, Varol EA, Uzun BB, Liu J (eds) Biochar a regional supply chain approach in view of climate change mitigation, 1st edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 351–367
Sun Y, Gao B, Yao Y, Fang J, Zhang M, Zhou Y, Chen H, Yang L (2014) Effects of feedstock type, production method, and pyrolysis temperature on biochar and hydrochar properties. Chem Eng J 240:574–578
Sun J, He F, Shao H, Zhang Z, Xu G (2016) Effects of biochar application on Suaeda salsa growth and saline soil properties. Environ Earth Sci 75:630
Suwanich P (1986) Potash and rock salt in Thailand. Nonmetallic Minerals Bulletin No 2, Economic Geology Division, Department of Mineral Resources, Bangkok, Thailand, 339 pp
Thai-Australia Tung Kula Ronghai Project (1983) Tung Kula Ronghai Salinity Study. McGowan International PTY LTD
Thomas V, Albert JRG, Perez RT (2013) Climate-related disasters in Asia and the Pacific. ADB Economics Working Paper Series No. 358
Todkar BS, Deshmukh SM, Deorukhka OA (2016) Extraction of silica from rice husk. Int J Eng Res Dev 12:69–74
Tsai W-T, Liu S-C, Chen H-R, Chang Y-M, Tsai Y-L (2012) Textural and chemical properties of swine- manure-derived biochar pertinent to its potential use as a soil amendment. Chemosphere 89:198–203
United State Salinity Laboratory Staff (USSL) (1954) Diagnosis and Improve of saline and alkali soil [Online]. Available from: http://www.ars.usda.gov/sp2UserFiles/Place/20360500/hb60_pdf/hb60complete.pdf [26 February 2015]
Usman ARA, Al-wabe MI, Ok YS, Al-harbi A, Wahb-allah M, El-naggar AH, Ahmad M, Al-faraj A, Al- omran A (2016) Conocarpus biochar induces changes in soil nutrient availability and tomato growth under saline irrigation. Pedosphere 26:27–38
Uzoma KC, Inoue M, Andry H, Fujimaki H, Zahoor A, Nishihara E (2011) Effect of cow manure biochar on maize productivity under sandy soil condition. Soil Use Manag 27:205–212
Venkateswarlu B, Shanker AK (2009) Climate change and agriculture: adaptation and mitigation strategies. Indian J Agron 54:226–230
Wang G, Xu Z (2013) The effects of biochar on germination and growth of wheat in difference saline- alkali soil. Asian Agric Res 5:116–119
Wang W, Vinocur B, Altman A (2003) Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: towards genetic engineering for stress tolerance. Planta 218(1):1–14
Wang Y, Li X, Zhang B, Wu Y (2014) Meso-damage cracking characteristics analysis for rock and soil aggregate with CT test. SCIENCE CHINA Technol Sci 57(7):1361
Warnock DD, Lehmann J, Kuyper TW, Rillig MC (2007) Mycorrhizal responses to biochar in soil-concepts and mechanisms. Plant Soil 300:9–20
Wijitkosum S (2018) Fuzzy AHP for drought risk assessment in Lam Ta Kong watershed, the north-eastern region of Thailand. Soil & Water Res 13:218–225
Wijitkosum S, Jiwnok P (2019) Effect of biochar on Chinese kale and carbon storage in an agricultural area on a high rise building. AIMS Agric Food 4:177–193
Wijitkosum S, Kallayasiri W (2015) The Use of biochar to increase productivity of indigenous upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) and improve soil properties. Res J Pharmaceut Biol Chem Sci 6:1326–1336
Williamson DR, Peck AJ, Turner JV, Arunin S (1989) Groundwater hydrology and salinity in a valley in Northeast Thailand. In: Groundwater contamination. IAHS Publ No. 185
Wong VNL, Dalal RC, Greene RSB (2009) Carbon dynamics of sodic and saline soil following gypsum and organic material additions: a laboratory incubation. Appl Soil Ecol 41:29–40
Wu Y, Xu G, Shao HB (2014) Furfural and its biochar improve the general properties of a saline soil. Solid Earth 5:665–671
Yamato M, Okimori Y, Wibowo IF, Anshori S, Ogawa M (2006) Effects of the application of charred bark of Acacia mangium on the yield of maize, cowpea and peanut, and soil chemical properties in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Soil Sci Plant Nutr 52:489–495
Yang F, Zhang GL, Yang JL, Li D-C, Zhao YG, Liu F, Yang R-M, Yang F (2014) Organic matter controls of soil water retention in an alpine grassland and its significance for hydrological processes. J Hydrol 519:3086–3093
Yooyen J, Wijitkosum S, Sriburi T (2015) Increasing yield of Soybean by adding biochar. J Environ Res Dev 9:1066–1074
Yuan JH, Xu RK (2010) The amelioration effects of low temperature biochar generated from nine crop residues on an acidic Ultisol. Soil Use Manag 27:110–115
Yuan JH, Xu RK (2012) Effects of biochars generated from crop residues on acid soils from tropical and subtropical China. Soil Res 50:570–578
Yuan JH, Xu RK, Wang N, Li JY (2011) Amendment of acid soils with crop residues and biochars. Pedosphere 21:302–308
Yue Y, Yao Y, Lin Q, Li G, Zhao X (2016) The change of heavy metals fractions during hydrochar decomposition in soils amended with different municipal sewage sludge hydrochars. J Soils Sediments 17:763–770
Yuvaniyama A (2003) Handbook for saline management. Land Development Department (In Thai), Bangkok
Yuwaniyama A (2004) Manual of Saline soils management and reclamation, Technical paper of research and development of salt-affected areas group, Land Development Department, Bangkok
Zhang M, Muhammad R, Zhang L, El-desouki Z, Jiang C (2019) Biochar Induces Changes to Basic Soil Properties and Bacterial Communities of Different Soils to Varying Degrees at 25 mm Rainfall: More Effective on Acidic Soils. Front Microbiol 10:1321
Zheng H, Wang X, Chen L, Wang Z, Xia Y, Zhang Y, Wang H, Luo X, Xing B (2018) Enhanced growth of halophyte plants in biochar-amended coastal soil: roles of nutrient availability and rhizosphere microbial modulation. Plant Cell Environ 41:517–532
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the “Innovation in Increasing the Organic Carbon in Soil for Sustainable Agricultural Purpose in Saline Soil Areas: 1st Year Pilot Project at the Lam Ta Kong Watershed”, Ratchadaphisek Somphot Endowment Fund, Chulalongkorn University (CU-57-090-IC).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wijitkosum, S. (2020). Applying Rice Husk Biochar to Revitalise Saline Sodic Soil in Khorat Plateau Area – A Case Study for Food Security Purposes. In: Singh, J., Singh, C. (eds) Biochar Applications in Agriculture and Environment Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40997-5_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40997-5_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-40996-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-40997-5
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)