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Lifestyle Intervention to Prevent Age-Related Hearing Loss: Calorie Restriction

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Abstract

Hearing loss is the third most prevalent chronic health condition and can lead to social isolation and major communication difficulties. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that one-third of persons over 65 years have disabling hearing loss. Currently, 466 million people in the world suffer hearing impairment. WHO projects that it could rise to 630 million by 2030 and over 900 million in 2050. Approximately 48 million Americans have unilateral or bilateral hearing loss, and 45% of adults aged 60–69 have hearing loss. It is well documented that reducing calorie intake or calorie restriction (CR) extends life span in diverse species and delays the onset of a variety of age-related diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease in laboratory animals. Increasing evidence also indicates that CR has beneficial effects on auditory function in rodents and nonhuman primates. This chapter reviews the current literature on interventions for age-related hearing loss (AHL), particularly focusing on a lifestyle-based intervention, CR, and what has been learned about the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of CR on auditory function in laboratory animals and humans.

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Abbreviations

•O2:

Superoxide

•OH:

Hydroxyl radical

ABR:

Auditory brainstem response

AHL:

Age-related hearing loss

CAT:

Catalase

Complex I:

NADH dehydrogenase

Complex III:

Ubiquinone–cytochrome c reductase

CR:

Calorie restriction

GPX1:

Glutathione peroxidase 1

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

GSR:

Glutathione reductase

GSSG:

Oxidized glutathione

GSTM1:

Glutathione S-transferase mu 1

GSTP1:

Glutathione S-transferase pi 1

GSTT1:

Glutathione S-transferase theta 1

H2O2:

Hydrogen peroxide

IHC:

Inner hair cells

mtDNA:

Mitochondrial DNA

NIA:

National Institute on Aging

NIHL:

Noise-induced hearing loss

OHC:

Outer hair cells

PRDX3:

Peroxiredoxin 3

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SGN:

Spiral ganglion neuron

SOD1:

Superoxide dismutase 1

SOD2:

Superoxide dismutase 2

SV:

Stria vascularis

TXNRD:

Thioredoxin reductase

UW:

University of Wisconsin–Madison

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Someya, S., Rothenberger, C., Kim, MJ. (2020). Lifestyle Intervention to Prevent Age-Related Hearing Loss: Calorie Restriction. In: Pucheu, S., Radziwon, K., Salvi, R. (eds) New Therapies to Prevent or Cure Auditory Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40413-0_1

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