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Perioperative Pain Management

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Pain Management for Clinicians

Abstract

Acute pain related to surgery is a common experience throughout the world. Despite well-known and widely available treatments, it is often untreated or undertreated. Optimal perioperative pain management addresses this pain by facilitating healing, combating the surgical stress response, and relieving suffering. Because opioid medications have had an outsized role in the treatment of perioperative pain, it has partially fueled the opioid crisis in the United States. This chapter will address evidence-based multimodal analgesia approaches and how to apply them within different Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathways that aim to optimally decrease—if not prevent—postoperative pain, accelerate recovery, and improve the postoperative patient experience. It includes a shift away from opioid-based therapy and provides a roadmap on how to apply the best use of opioid-free analgesia and opioid-sparing analgesia via balanced perioperative pain management and how to layer analgesic approaches for ERAS pathways. The cornerstones of this approach are the rational selection of pain mechanism-specific medications and the strategic use of peripheral and central neural blockade.

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  1. Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA

    Anthony T. Machi

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    Carl Edward Noe

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Machi, A.T. (2020). Perioperative Pain Management. In: Noe, C. (eds) Pain Management for Clinicians. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39982-5_2

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