Abstract
The insights about development of Ellsworth Huntington (1876–1947), economic geographer, and those of tropical economist Julius Herman Boeke (1884–1956) are presented, including critical observations. How economic geography and dual economics live on in contemporary development economics, is described in this brief chapter as well.
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Notes
- 1.
Maddison, A. (2001) The World Economy; A Millennium Perspective. Paris: OECD, 17.
- 2.
Huntington, E. (1915) Civilization and Climate. New Haven: Yale University Press.
- 3.
Boeke, H. (1946) The Evolution of the Netherlands Indies Economy. New York: Netherlands and Netherlands Indies Council, Institute of Pacific Studies.
- 4.
Civilization and Climate, 9.
- 5.
Ibid., 46–47. I lived six years in Zambia during which time I noticed that Zambian men are more attracted to Zambian ladies’ behinds than to their breasts. I wondered whether since Livingstone’s days this attraction had shifted from breasts to behinds. However, it is possible that Livingstone did not sufficiently understand the language spoken by his carriers. By the way, Livingstone condemned the slave trade in East Africa.
- 6.
Ibid., 294.
- 7.
Martin , G. (1973) Ellsworth Huntington; His Life and Thought. Hamden: The Shoe String Press, 114.
- 8.
Ibid., 105.
- 9.
Stehr, N. and Von Storch, H. Climate Determines: an Anatomy of a Disbanded Line of Research. (October 1998), 19.
- 10.
Huntington had this to say about climate change: ‘In a thousand years….no highly favourable region may exist upon the globe, and the human race may be thrown back into the dull, lethargic state of our present tropical races.’
- 11.
Van Marle, A., Ed. (1961) The Theory of Dualism. In The Concept of Dualism in Theory and Practice. The Hague: W. van Hoeve Publishers Ltd, 11.
- 12.
Ibid., 172–173.
- 13.
Van Marle, A. Introduction. In Indonesian Economics; the Concept of Dualism in Theory and Practice, 19.
- 14.
Kate Raworth applauds a comparable attitude in Doughnut Economics, citing an example of a traditional society that lived by the principle of sufficiency, such as the Cree in northern Manitoba, whose response to European traders, who offered them higher prices for their furs, was to bring fewer furs to the Europeans’ trading post. Source: Raworth, K. (2017) Doughnut Economics; Seven Ways to Think Like a 21st Century Economist. London: Random House Business Books, 282.
- 15.
Easterly, W. (2001) The Elusive Quest for Growth; Economists’ Adventures and Misadventures in the Tropics. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 165.
- 16.
Diamond, J. (1997) Guns, Germs and Steel; a Short History of Everybody for the Last 13,000 Years. London: Jonathan Cape.
- 17.
Sachs, J. (2003) Institutions Don’t Rule: Direct Effects of Geography on Per Capita Income. NBER Working Paper No. 9490. Boston: National Bureau of Economic Research.
- 18.
Rodrik, D., Subramanian, A., Trebbi, R. (2004) Institutions Rule: The Primacy of Institutions over Geography and Integration in Economic Development. In Journal of Economic Growth 9.2: 131–165.
- 19.
Rodrik, D. (2007) One Economics, Many Recipes; Globalization, Institutions, and Economic Growth. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 187.
- 20.
Krugman, P. (1993) Towards a Counter-Counterrevolution in Development Theory. In Proceedings of the World Bank Annual Conference on Development Economics 1992. Washington: World Bank.
- 21.
Myint , H. (1985) Organizational Dualism and Economic Development. In Asian Development Review 3 (1), 25–42.
- 22.
Little, I. (1982) Economic Development; Theory, Policy, and International Relations. New York: Basic Books, 86–87.
- 23.
Ibid., 95.
- 24.
Lal, D., Myint, H. (1996) The Political Economy of Poverty, Equity, and Growth. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 209.
- 25.
Thirlwall, A., Pacheco-López, P. (2017) Economics of Development. Tenth Edition. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 285.
- 26.
North, D. et al. (2007) Limited Access Orders in the Developing World: A New Approach to the Problem of Development. In: World Bank Working Paper 4359. Washington: World Bank.
References
Boeke, H. (1946). The Evolution of the Netherlands Indies Economy. New York: Netherlands and Netherlands Indies Council, Institute of Pacific Studies.
Diamond, J. (1997). Guns, Germs and Steel: A Short History of Everybody for the Last 13,000 Years. London: Jonathan Cape.
Easterly, W. (2001). The Elusive Quest for Growth: Economists’ Adventures and Misadventures in the Tropics. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
Huntington, E. (1915). Civilization and Climate. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Krugman, P. (1993). Towards a Counter-Counterrevolution in Development Theory. In Proceedings of the World Bank Annual Conference on Development Economics 1992. Washington: World Bank.
Lal, D., & Myint, H. (1996). The Political Economy of Poverty, Equity, and Growth. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Little, I. (1982). Economic Development: Theory, Policy, and International Relations. New York: Basic Books.
Maddison, A. (2001). The World Economy: A Millennium Perspective. Paris: OECD.
Martin, G. (1973). Ellsworth Huntington: His Life and Thought. Hamden: The Shoe String Press.
Myint, H. (1985). Organizational Dualism and Economic Development. Asian Development Review, 3(1), 25.
North, D., et al. (2007). Limited Access Orders in the Developing World: A New Approach to the Problem of Development. World Bank Working Paper 4359, World Bank, Washington.
Raworth, K. (2017). Doughnut Economics: Seven Ways to Think Like a 21st Century Economist. London: Random House Business Books.
Rodrik, D. (2007). One Economics, Many Recipes: Globalization, Institutions, and Economic Growth. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Rodrik, D., Subramanian, A., & Trebbi, R. (2004). Institutions Rule: The Primacy of Institutions over Geography and Integration in Economic Development. Journal of Economic Growth, 9(2), 131–165.
Sachs, J. (2003). Institutions Don’t Rule: Direct Effects of Geography on Per Capita Income. NBER Working Paper No. 9490, National Bureau of Economic Research, Boston.
Stehr, N., & Von Storch, H. (October 1998). Climate Determines: An Anatomy of a Disbanded Line of Research. Unpublished.
Thirlwall, A., & Pacheco-López, P. (2017). Economics of Development (10th ed.). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Van Marle, A. (1961a). The Theory of Dualism. In Indonesian Economics: The Concept of Dualism in Theory and Practice. The Hague: W. van Hoeve Publishers Ltd.
Van Marle, A. (1961b). Introduction. In Indonesian Economics: The Concept of Dualism in Theory and Practice. The Hague: W. van Hoeve Publishers Ltd.
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de Haan, P. (2020). What Preceded Development Economics. In: Whatever Happened to the Third World?. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39613-8_3
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