Abstract
The positioning of state estimation (SE) in the context of signal processing and its relation to power systems are presented in this chapter. As SE is already universally adopted in power-transmission networks and is making its way into power-distribution networks, the main differences between the two networks are described, and the main challenges of introducing SE into distribution systems are highlighted. Different types of estimators are reviewed, namely, MLE, WLS, LAV, and SHGM, based on projection statistics. Besides their statistical efficiency, the used estimators are also classified in terms of their robustness. In addition, models for three-phase underground cables, overhead lines, transformers, tap changers, and voltage regulators are reviewed. For transformers and voltage regulators, different connections are considered. A unified three-phase branch model as a generalization of the existing three-phase line models is presented. It enables the modeling of voltage regulators or tap changers and three-phase conductors or transformers on the same branch without the introduction of an extra support bus. Thus, the system’s dimension, i.e., the size of the problem, is not increased in the modeling phase and so the computer program’s design is simplified with this model.
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Kuhar, U., Kosec, G., Švigelj, A. (2020). State Estimation. In: Observability of Power-Distribution Systems. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39476-9_2
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