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Radiomics as Applied in Precision Medicine

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Book cover Clinical Nuclear Medicine

Abstract

Radiomics can be defined as the extraction and analysis of large amounts of advanced quantitative imaging features with high throughput from medical images obtained with various modalities, including nuclear medicine modalities of Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and Positron emission tomography (PET). We describe it as the process of transferring the medical imaging interpretation knowledge and skill set from humans to machines in a way that they can see more, process more information, and have deeper insights into what the disease is and how it behaves and might respond to therapeutic intervention. Radiomics methods can be applied across various cancers to identify tumor phenotype characteristics in the images that correlate with their likelihood of survival, as well as their association with the underlying driving biology. Identifying this characteristic set of features called tumor signature holds tremendous value in predicting cancer behavior and progression, which in turn has the potential to predict cancer’s response to various therapeutic options (Fig. 3.1). Moreover, we are beginning to see the application of radiomics principles in non-oncologic indications as well, such as cardiovascular disease. In allowing us to have this capacity, radiomics holds the promise of driving the engine of precision medicine. However, there are numerous challenges in the validation methods needed to establish radiomics as a clinically viable solution.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IAG, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Faiq Shaikh

  2. Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA

    Benjamin Franc

  3. CNIO, Madrid, Spain

    Francisca Mulero

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  1. Faiq Shaikh
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  2. Benjamin Franc
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  3. Francisca Mulero
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Westfalen - Knappschaftskrankenhaus Academic teaching hospital of the Ruhr University, Dortmund, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Hojjat Ahmadzadehfar

  2. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beta Klinik Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    Hans-Jürgen Biersack

  3. Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA

    Leonard M. Freeman

  4. Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA

    Lionel S. Zuckier

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Shaikh, F., Franc, B., Mulero, F. (2020). Radiomics as Applied in Precision Medicine. In: Ahmadzadehfar, H., Biersack, HJ., Freeman, L., Zuckier, L. (eds) Clinical Nuclear Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39457-8_3

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