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Cognitive Training in Children with Neurodevelopmental Conditions

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Abstract

Neurodevelopmental conditions and associated disabilities such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and learning disorders (LD) become apparent in childhood. These conditions often come with difficulties in cognitive functions, e.g., executive functions (EFs). Targeting EFs in an intervention might benefit these children. The child’s brain is malleable, hence susceptible for cognitive training. In this chapter we give an overview of the state of knowledge about the effectiveness of cognitive training for children with ASD, ADHD, and LD. Additionally, we shed some light on cognitive training for pediatric conditions with similar cognitive problems: prematurity, brain tumors, and sickle cell disease. Despite the first promising results from process-based training, transfer to broader cognitive functions and daily life remains challenging. Strategy-based training seems more promising when combined with extensive opportunities for practice. Several factors might influence the effectiveness of cognitive training for children with neurodevelopmental conditions: the type of training, the training level (adaptive), and the targeted behavior. Training multiple functions in a broad variety and focusing on generalization appears most effective.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The term “autistic children” refers to children with an ASC diagnosis. Although preferences with respect to identity-first versus person-first language use are heterogeneous, identity-first language appears to be mostly preferred by autistic adults (Kenny et al. 2016).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia

    Marieke de Vries

  2. George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA

    Lauren Kenworthy

  3. Division of Pediatric Neuropsychology, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC, USA

    Lauren Kenworthy

  4. Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Sebastiaan Dovis & Hilde M. Geurts

  5. Youz Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Zaandam, The Netherlands

    Sebastiaan Dovis

  6. Dr. Leo Kannerhuis Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Hilde M. Geurts

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  1. Marieke de Vries
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  2. Lauren Kenworthy
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  4. Hilde M. Geurts
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Correspondence to Marieke de Vries .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

    Tilo Strobach

  2. University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany

    Julia Karbach

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de Vries, M., Kenworthy, L., Dovis, S., Geurts, H.M. (2021). Cognitive Training in Children with Neurodevelopmental Conditions. In: Strobach, T., Karbach, J. (eds) Cognitive Training. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39292-5_24

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