Abstract
Burn rehabilitation is a key component of burn management across the spectrum of care. Burn caregivers should be aware of the short- and long-term impact of wound maturation and scarring and the consequences for functional recovery and quality of life, as well as techniques for preventing and treating burn-associated impairments.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Parry I, Esselman PC, Rehabilitation Committee of the American Burn Association (2011) Clinical competencies for burn rehabilitation therapists. J Burn Care Res 32:458–467
Parry I, Forbes L, Lorello D et al (2017) Burn rehabilitation therapists competency tool-version 2: an expansion to include long-term rehabilitation and outpatient care. J Burn Care Res 38(1):e261–e268
Tredget EE, Shankowsky HA, Taerum TV, Moysa GL, Alton JD (1990) The role of inhalation injury in burn trauma. A Canadian experience. Ann Surg 212(6):720–727
Burton KR, Sharma VK, Harrop R, Lindsay R (2009) A population-based study of the epidemiology of acute adult burn injuries in the Calgary Health Region and factors associated with mortality and hospital length of stay from 1995 to 2004. Burns 35(4):572–579
Thombs BD, Singh VA, Halonen J, Diallo A, Milner SM (2007) The effects of preexisting medical comorbidities on mortality and length of hospital stay in acute burn injury: evidence from a national sample of 31,338 adult patients. Ann Surg 245(4):629–634
Esselman PC, Thombs BD, Magyar-Russell G, Fauerbach JA (2006) Burn rehabilitation: state of the science. [Review] [353 refs]. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 85:383–413
Nedelec B, Ghahary A, Scott PG, Tredget EE (2000) Control of wound contraction. Basic and clinical features. [Review] [134 refs]. Hand Clin 16:289–302
Sharp PA, Pan B, Yakuboff KP, Rothchild D (2016) Development of a best evidence statement for the use of pressure therapy for management of hypertrophic scarring. J Burn Care Res 37(4):255–264
Richard R, Baryza MJ, Carr JA et al (2009) Burn rehabilitation and research: proceedings of a consensus summit. [313 refs]. J Burn Care Res 30:543–573
Goverman J, Mathews K, Goldstein R et al (2017) Adult contractures in burn injury: a burn model system national database study. J Burn Care Res 38(1):e328–e336
Godleski M, Lee AF, Goverman J et al (2018) Quantifying contracture severity at hospital discharge in adults: a burn model system national database study. J Burn Care Res 39(4):604–611
Richard RL, Lester ME, Miller SF et al (2009) Identification of cutaneous functional units related to burn scar contracture development. J Burn Care Res 30:625–631
Parry I, Sen S, Sattler-Petrocchi K, Greenhalgh D, Palmieri T (2017) Cutaneous functional units predict shoulder range of motion recovery in children receiving rehabilitation. J Burn Care Res 38(2):106–111
Parry I, Richard R, Aden JK et al (2019) Goniometric measurement of burn scar contracture: a paradigm shift challenging the standard. J Burn Care Res 40(4):377–385
Parry I, Walker K, Niszczak J, Palmieri T, Greenhalgh D (2010) Methods and tools used for the measurement of burn scar contracture. J Burn Care Res 31(6):888–903
Edgar D, Finlay V, Wu A, Wood F (2009) Goniometry and linear assessments to monitor movement outcomes: are they reliable tools in burn survivors? Burns 35:58–62
Esselman PC (2007) Burn rehabilitation: an overview. [Review] [50 refs]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 88(12 Suppl 2):S3–S6
Parry I, Sen S, Palmieri T, Greenhalgh D (2019) Current trends in practice for early mobility with the burn population. J Burn Care Res 40(1):29–33
Retrouvey H, Wang A, Corkum J, Shahrokhi S (2018) The impact of time of mobilization after split thickness skin graft on lower extremity wound healing—systematic review and meta-analysis. J Burn Care Res 39(6):902–910
Serghiou MA, Niszczak J, Parry I, Richard R (2016) Clinical practice recommendations for positioning of the burn patient. Burns 42(2):267–275
Richard R, Staley M, Miller S, Warden G (1996) To splint or not to splint—past philosophy and present practice: part I. [Review] [112 refs]. J Burn Care Rehabilit 17:444–453
Richard R, Staley M, Miller S, Warden G (1997) To splint or not to splint: past philosophy and current practice—part II. J Burn Care Rehabilit 18:64–71
Richard R, Staley M, Miller S, Warden G (1997) To splint or not to splint—past philosophy and present practice: part III. J Burn Care Rehabilit 18:251–255
Schouten HJ, Nieuwenhuis MK, van Zuijlen PP (2012) A review on static splinting therapy to prevent burn scar contracture: do clinical and experimental data warrant its clinical application? [Review]. Burns 38:19–25
Richard R, Dewey S, Parry I, Jones J (2013) Letter to the editor. Burns 39(3):539–541
Zhang Y-T, Li-Tsang CWP, Au RKC (2017) A systematic review on the effect of mechanical stretch on hypertrophic scars after burn injuries. Hong Kong J Occupat Therapy 29(Supplement C):1–9
Godleski M, Oeffling A, Bruflat AK, Craig E, Weitzenkamp D, Lindberg G (2013) Treating burn-associated joint contracture: results of an inpatient rehabilitation stretching protocol. J Burn Care Res 34(4):420–426
Nedelec B, Couture MA, Calva V et al (2019) Randomized controlled trial of the immediate and long-term effect of massage on adult postburn scar. Burns 45(1):128–139
Korp K, Richard R, Hawkins D, Renz E, Blackbourne LH (2011) Refining “functional” in burn recovery outcomes. J Burn Care Res 32:S160
Edgar DW, Fish JS, Gomez M, Wood FM (2011) Local and systemic treatments for acute edema after burn injury: a systematic review of the literature. J Burn Care Res 32(2):334–347
Lowell M, Pirc P, Ward RS et al (2003) Effect of 3M Coban Self-Adherent Wraps on edema and function of the burned hand: a case study. J Burn Care Rehabil 24(4):253–258; discussion 252
Dewey WS, Hedman TL, Chapman TT, Wolf SE, Holcomb JB (2007) The reliability and concurrent validity of the figure-of-eight method of measuring hand edema in patients with burns. J Burn Care Res 28(1):157–162
Dunkin CS, Pleat JM, Gillespie PH, Tyler MP, Roberts AH, McGrouther DA (2007) Scarring occurs at a critical depth of skin injury: precise measurement in a graduated dermal scratch in human volunteers. Plast Reconstr Surg 119(6):1722–1732. discussion 1733-1724
Tyack Z, Simons M, Spinks A, Wasiak J (2012) A systematic review of the quality of burn scar rating scales for clinical and research use. Burns 38(1):6–18
Nedelec B, Shankowsky HA, Tredget EE (2000) Rating the resolving hypertrophic scar: comparison of the Vancouver Scar Scale and scar volume. J Burn Care Rehabil 21(3):205–212
Nedelec B, Correa JA, Rachelska G, Armour A, LaSalle L (2008) Quantitative measurement of hypertrophic scar: intrarater reliability, sensitivity, and specificity. J Burn Care Res 29(3):489–500
Bloemen MC, van der Veer WM, Ulrich MM, van Zuijlen PP, Niessen FB, Middelkoop E (2009) Prevention and curative management of hypertrophic scar formation. Burns 35(4):463–475
Mustoe TA (2008) Evolution of silicone therapy and mechanism of action in scar management. Aesthet Plast Surg 32(1):82–92
Yelvington M, Brown S, Castro MM, Nick TG (2013) The use of neoprene as a scar management modality. Burns 39(5):866–875
Nedelec B, Carter A, Forbes L et al (2015) Practice guidelines for the application of nonsilicone or silicone gels and gel sheets after burn injury. J Burn Care Res 36(3):345–374
Holavanahalli RK, Helm PA, Kowalske KJ (2010) Long-term outcomes in patients surviving large burns: the skin. J Burn Care Res 31:631–639
Nedelec B, Quanzhi H, Ismahen S, Choiniere M, Beauregard G, Dykes RW (2005) Sensory perception and neuroanatomical structures in normal and grafted skin of burn survivors. Burns 31:817–830
Davis SL, Shibasaki M, Low DA et al (2009) Sustained impairments in cutaneous vasodilation and sweating in grafted skin following long-term recovery. J Burn Care Res 30(4):675–685
Schlader ZJ, Ganio MS, Pearson J et al (2015) Heat acclimation improves heat exercise tolerance and heat dissipation in individuals with extensive skin grafts. J Appl Physiol 119(1):69–76
Nedelec B, Parry I, Acharya H et al (2016) Practice guidelines for cardiovascular fitness and strengthening exercise prescription after burn injury. J Burn Care Res 37(6):e539–e558
Kowalske K, Holavanahalli R, Helm P (2001) Neuropathy after burn injury. J Burn Care Rehabil 22(5):353–357. discussion 352
Khedr EM, Khedr T, El-Oteify MA, Hassan HA (1997) Peripheral neuropathy in burn patients. Burns 23:579–583
Gabriel V, Kowalske KJ, Holavanahalli RK (2009) Assessment of recovery from burn-related neuropathy by electrodiagnostic testing. J Burn Care Res 30(4):668–674
Evans EB (1991) Heterotopic bone formation in thermal burns. Clin Orthop Relat Res 263:94–101
Yelvington M, Godleski M, Lee AF et al (2019) A comparison of contracture severity at acute discharge in patients with and without heterotopic ossification: a burn model system national database study. J Burn Care Res 40:349
Kornhaber R, Foster N, Edgar D, Visentin D et al (2017) The development and impact of heterotopic ossification in burns: a review of four decades of research. Scars Burns Heal 3:1–20
Rachel K, Nichola F, Dale E et al (2017) The development and impact of heterotopic ossification in burns: a review of four decades of research. Scars Burns Heal 3:2059513117695659
Coons D, Godleski M (2013) Range of motion exercises in the setting of burn-associated heterotopic ossification at the elbow: case series and discussion. Burns 39(4):e34–e38
Ko SH, Chun W, Kim HC (2004) Delayed spinal cord injury following electrical burns: a 7-year experience. Burns 30(7):691–695
Lammertse DP (2005) Neurorehabilitation of spinal cord injuries following lightning and electrical trauma. NeuroRehabilitation 20(1):9–14
Tarim A, Ezer A (2013) Electrical burn is still a major risk factor for amputations. Burns 39(2):354–357
Handschin AE, Vetter S, Jung FJ, Guggenheim M, Künzi W, Giovanoli P (2009) A case-matched controlled study on high-voltage electrical injuries vs thermal burns. J Burn Care Res 30(3):400–407
Singerman J, Gomez M, Fish JS (2008) Long-term sequelae of low-voltage electrical injury. J Burn Care Res 29(5):773–777
Lee RC (1997) Injury by electrical forces: pathophysiology, manifestations, and therapy. Curr Probl Surg 34(9):677–764
Fish JS, Theman K, Gomez M (2012) Diagnosis of long-term sequelae after low-voltage electrical injury. J Burn Care Res 33(2):199–205
Anzarut A, Chen M, Shankowsky H, Tredget EE (2005) Quality-of-life and outcome predictors following massive burn injury. Plast Reconstr Surg 116(3):791–797
Holavanahalli RK, Helm PA, Kowalske KJ (2016) Long-term outcomes in patients surviving large burns: the musculoskeletal system. J Burn Care Res 37(4):243–254
Mason ST, Esselman P, Fraser R, Schomer K, Truitt A, Johnson K (2012) Return to work after burn injury: a systematic review. J Burn Care Res 33(1):101–109
Schneider JC, Bassi S, Ryan CM (2009) Barriers impacting employment after burn injury. J Burn Care Res 30:294–300
Quinn T, Wasiak J, Cleland H (2010) An examination of factors that affect return to work following burns: a systematic review of the literature. Burns 36(7):1021–1026
Wiechman S, Saxe G, Fauerbach JA (2017) Psychological outcomes following burn injuries. J Burn Care Res 38(3):e629–e631
Wasiak J, Lee SJ, Paul E et al (2014) Predictors of health status and health-related quality of life 12 months after severe burn. Burns 40(4):568–574
Thombs BD, Notes LD, Lawrence JW, Magyar-Russell G, Bresnick MG, Fauerbach JA (2008) From survival to socialization: a longitudinal study of body image in survivors of severe burn injury. J Psychosom Res 64(2):205–212
Sveen J, Ekselius L, Gerdin B, Willebrand M (2011) A prospective longitudinal study of posttraumatic stress disorder symptom trajectories after burn injury. J Trauma 71(6):1808–1815
Madianos MG, Papaghelis M, Ioannovich J, Dafni R (2001) Psychiatric disorders in burn patients: a follow-up study. Psychother Psychosom 70(1):30–37
Mason SA, Nathens AB, Byrne JP et al (2017) Association between burn injury and mental illness among burn survivors: a population-based, self-matched, longitudinal cohort study. J Am Coll Surg 225(4):516–524
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Godleski, M., Yelvington, M.L. (2021). Rehabilitation and Therapy of the Burn Patient. In: Jeschke, M.G., Kamolz, LP., Shahrokhi, S. (eds) Burn Care and Treatment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39193-5_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39193-5_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-39192-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-39193-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)