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Venezuela

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Space Supporting Latin America

Part of the book series: Studies in Space Policy ((STUDSPACE,volume 25))

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Abstract

With the aim of strengthening its sovereignty, protecting its territorial integrity and security, and guaranteeing telecommunications services to its people, Venezuela decided to develop its space sector. Despite the difficulties of its internal political and economic crisis of recent years, Venezuela continues to carry out several space activities, in particular the development of its national satellite program. This chapter presents Venezuela’s current space activities. Section 15.1 presents the basic facts of Venezuela; Sect. 15.2 concerns Venezuela’s space history; Sects. 15.3 and 15.4 focus on the country’s space programs, laws and actors; Sect. 15.5 describes the cooperation agreements adopted by Venezuela with other countries; Sect. 15.6 presents the Venezuelan satellite programs, and Sects. 15.7 and 15.8 concentrate on the development of space technology and the capacity-building programs of Venezuela.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Venezuela country profile, BBC News, 25 February 2019, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-19649648 (accessed 29 October 2019).

  2. 2.

    Venezuelatuya, Geografía, Venezuelatuya.com, https://www.venezuelatuya.com/geografia/index.htm (accessed 29 October 2019).

  3. 3.

    Art. 1, Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, 20 December 1999.

  4. 4.

    Art. 2, Ibid.

  5. 5.

    Some States recognize Juan Guaidó as the legitimate president of Venezuela, see Venezuela country profile, BBC News, 25 February 2019, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-19649648 (accessed 29 October 2019).

  6. 6.

    In 2017 there was created a National Constituent Assembly, which has rendered powerless the National Assembly, see Venezuela crisis: How the political situation escalated, BBC News, 8 August 2019, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-36319877 (accessed 29 October 2019).

  7. 7.

    Titule V, Chapters I to V, respectively, Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, 20 December 1999.

  8. 8.

    Venezuela country profile, BBC News, 25 February 2019.

  9. 9.

    Ibid.

  10. 10.

    Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales (ABAE).

  11. 11.

    Plan de la Patria 2025: Hacia la prosperidad económica, Venezuela, Objectivo nacional 1.6, meta 1.6.4, p. 84, http://www.mppp.gob.ve/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Plan-Patria-2019-2025.pdf (accessed 4 November 2019).

  12. 12.

    Ibid., goal 1.6.4.1.

  13. 13.

    Ibid., goal 1.6.4.2.

  14. 14.

    Comisión Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (CONATEL).

  15. 15.

    Art. 2 and 3, Ley de la Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales, Caracas, 9 August 2007.

  16. 16.

    Official Gazette N° 38.796 on 25 October 2007.

  17. 17.

    Final provisions, Chapter V, Ley de la Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales, Caracas, 9 August 2007.

  18. 18.

    Art. 5, Ibid.

  19. 19.

    Bolivarian Agency for Space Activities, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/Historia.php (accessed 30 October 2019).

  20. 20.

    Art. 7, Ley de la Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales, Caracas, 9 August 2007.

  21. 21.

    Art. 8, Ibid.

  22. 22.

    Art. 118, Organic Law of Telecommunications, 7 February 2011.

  23. 23.

    Art. 119, Ibid.

  24. 24.

    Art. 124, Ibid.

  25. 25.

    Ministerio del Poder Popular para Educación Universitaria, Ciencia y Tecnología; Fundación Centro de Investigaciones de Astronomía “Francisco J. Duarte” (CIDA); Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Espacial; Consejo Presidencial para la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación; Centro Nacional de Desarrollo e Investigación en Telecomunicaciones (CENDIT); Universidad Nacional Experimental de las Fuerzas Armadas (UNEFA), and Compañía Anónima Nacional Teléfonos de Venezuela (CANTV), respectively.

  26. 26.

    Ley de la Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales, La Asamblea Nacional de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, 9 August 2007, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/leyes/SANC-%20LEY-%20DE-%20LA-%20AGENCIA-%20BOLIVARIANA-PARA-%20ACTIVIDADES-%20ESPACIALES-09-08-07.pdf (accessed 31 October2019).

  27. 27.

    ANC y ABAE activarán la construcción de una propuesta de Ley y Plan Nacional Aeroespacial, Prensa ABAE, 14 June 2018, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/noticias.php?id=324 (accessed 1 November 2019).

  28. 28.

    Ley Orgánica de Telecomunicaciones, Official Journal N° 39.610, 7 February 2011, http://www.conatel.gob.ve/ley-organica-de-telecomunicaciones-2/ (accessed 24 May 2019).

  29. 29.

    Cooperación Internacional de la Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/ConveniosInt.php (accessed 31 October 2019).

  30. 30.

    SACOM is an Earth observation satellite constellation of Argentina’s space agency CONAE.

  31. 31.

    Cooperación Internacional de la Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/ConveniosInt.php (accessed 31 October 2019).

  32. 32.

    Ibid.

  33. 33.

    Ibid.

  34. 34.

    Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE).

  35. 35.

    Cooperación Internacional de la Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/ConveniosInt.php (accessed 31 October 2019).

  36. 36.

    Ibid.

  37. 37.

    Ibid.

  38. 38.

    Ibid.

  39. 39.

    VENESAT-1, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/VENESAT-1.php (accessed 31 October 2019).

  40. 40.

    Cooperación Internacional de la Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/ConveniosInt.php (accessed 31 October 2019).

  41. 41.

    Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Educación Universitaria, Ciencia y Tecnología (MPPEUCT).

  42. 42.

    El MPPEUCT firma carta de intención con CGWIC para comercializar productos satelitales, Prensa ABAE, 4 December 2018, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/noticias.php?id=339 (accessed 1 November 2019).

  43. 43.

    Diplomado en Geomática Aplicada a las diferentes áreas de las ciencias de la Geoinformación.

  44. 44.

    Cooperación Internacional de la Agencia Bolivariana para Actividades Espaciales, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/ConveniosInt.php (accessed 31 October 2019).

  45. 45.

    VENESAT-1, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/VENESAT-1.php (accessed 31 October 2019).

  46. 46.

    Ibid.

  47. 47.

    Ibid.

  48. 48.

    Ibid.

  49. 49.

    Orden José Feliz Ribas por el éxito del satélite VRSS-2 Sucre, ABAE, 20 February 2019, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/noticias.php?id=347 (accessed 31 October 2019), see also Venezuela prevé lanzar un nuevo satélite en 2022 con el apoyo de China, RT, 3 July 2019, https://actualidad.rt.com/actualidad/319980-venezuela-china-lanzamiento-satelite-guaicaipuro (accessed 31 October 2019).

  50. 50.

    VRSS-1, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/VRSS-1.php (accessed 31 October 2019).

  51. 51.

    VRSS-2, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/VRSS-2.php (accessed 31 October 2019).

  52. 52.

    Orden José Feliz Ribas por el éxito del satélite VRSS-2 Sucre, ABAE, 20 February 2019, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/noticias.php?id=347 (accessed 31 October 2019).

  53. 53.

    Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Espacial, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/CIDE.php (accessed 31 October 2019).

  54. 54.

    Ibid.

  55. 55.

    Ibid.

  56. 56.

    1er Congreso Venezolano de Tecnología Espacial, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/congreso/ (accessed 1 November 2019).

  57. 57.

    2do Congreso Venezolano de Tecnología Espacial, ABAE, http://2cvte.abae.gob.ve/ejes.php?idiomas=es (accessed 1 November 2019).

  58. 58.

    La ABAE y ETECSA inician cooperación en materia de ciencia, tecnología e innovación espacial, Prensa ABAE, 6 December 2018, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/noticias.php?id=340 (accessed 1 November 2019).

  59. 59.

    Programa Educativo Experimental Aula Espacial.

  60. 60.

    Centro de Documentación e Investigación Educativa Espacial “CEDOES” (in development).

  61. 61.

    Programa Educativo Experimental Aula Espacial, ABAE, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/EscuelaEspacial.php (accessed 31 October 2019).

  62. 62.

    CONATEL y ABAE iniciaron formación satelital a distancia, CONATEL, 1 June 2015, http://www.conatel.gob.ve/conatel-y-abae-iniciaron-formacion-satelital-a-distancia/ (accessed 1 November 2019).

  63. 63.

    BOLTOMIER Isaac et al., ABAE capacitará a la Fuerza Armada en tecnología espacial y observación de la Tierra, ABAE, 3 May 2018, http://www.abae.gob.ve/web/noticias.php?id=322 (accessed 1 November 2019).

  64. 64.

    Grupo Universitario de Investigaciones Astronómicas de la Universidad Simón Bolívar, see https://guia-usb.blogspot.com/ (accessed 1 November 2019).

  65. 65.

    Observatorio ARVAL, see http://www.oarval.org/ (accessed 1 November 2019).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. European Space Policy Institute, Vienna, Austria

    Annette Froehlich

  2. European Space Policy Institute, Vienna, Austria

    Diego Alonso Amante Soria

  3. European Space Policy Institute, Vienna, Austria

    Ewerton De Marchi

Authors
  1. Annette Froehlich
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  2. Diego Alonso Amante Soria
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  3. Ewerton De Marchi
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Correspondence to Annette Froehlich .

Appendix

Appendix

See Table 15.5.

Table 15.5 Institutional contact information in Venezuela (2019)
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Froehlich, A., Amante Soria, D.A., De Marchi, E. (2020). Venezuela. In: Space Supporting Latin America. Studies in Space Policy, vol 25. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38520-0_15

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