Abstract
Generation of an excessive amount of sludge with various water treatment plants has become a major problem worldwide. Due to the scarcity of land and environmental concern, management of sludge is the prime concern nowadays. In fluoride removal process via coagulation, aluminium sulphate (alum) and poly aluminium chloride (PACl) are the chief coagulants, and the sludge is generated in massive amount from the defluoridation plants. Previous researchers pointed towards the health concerns related to its disposal. In Rajasthan state, India, Bisalpur dam supplies 16.2 TMC per day out of which 5.1 TMC is supplied to Ajmer district and 11.1 to Jaipur district. About 16.5 metric tonne sludge is generated per day which is a huge quantity. As aluminium sulphate is used as coagulant in water treatment plant, this sludge is highly toxic as it contains metals like aluminium, so its disposal is a major problem for Public Health Engineering Department (PHED). According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), India, India is producing huge amount of inevitable waste everyday at their water treatment plants which requires proper handling and disposal. Therefore, there is an urgent need to look out for a proper management of the sludge. Moreover, the use of a large volume of sludge as a construction material can solve disposal problems and makes an approach towards eco-friendly construction. This paper presents an overview on the behaviour of cement mortars with different proportions of sludge. The compressive strength and microstructure analysis in comparison with the control mix are the vital factors for the cement mortars. The description about the performance of the both sludge: alum and PACl has been reviewed which suggests that PACl sludge is better in handling and does not have a negative effect on compressive strength of the mortars. However, alum sludge has sulphate content, and it retards the compressive strength of the mortars after certain proportion of sludge.
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Dubey, S., Agarwal, M., Gupta, A.B. (2020). Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates with Defluoridation Sludge in Cement Mortars Manufacturing: A Critical Review. In: Singh, R., Shukla, P., Singh, P. (eds) Environmental Processes and Management. Water Science and Technology Library, vol 91. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38152-3_12
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