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Sustainability in Polyurethane Synthesis and Bio-based Polyurethanes

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Sustainability in the Textile and Apparel Industries

Abstract

Increasing environmental problems and economic and environmental problems associated with global warming, waste management problems, decreasing fossil resources, fluctuations in oil prices, and dependence on oil have led to an increase in research for renewable and sustainable new materials that are friendly to our health and environment. These studies can be focused on certain materials by looking at the width of the application areas. One of these materials is polyurethane (PU).

PU draws attention about sustainability because it is one of the most important polymers and has a wide range of application areas. It has versatile and excellent physical, chemical and mechanical properties that increase demand in various areas such as foam, elastomer, adhesive, liquid crystals, sealants, ink, paint, and coating applications. Good flexibility, elongation, high impact and tensile strength, high abrasion resistance, good weather resistance, excellent gloss, color protection, and corrosion resistance are some of its attractive features.

Recently, the use of green materials and sustainability have made it possible to highlight the presence of natural materials that are alternative to synthetic materials. Natural products have been searched for PU synthesis and many studies have shown that natural products can be used in the production of polyol.

Vegetable oils among renewable resources are one of the cheapest, most abundant and renewable natural materials that can be used in many industrial applications. PUs can be synthesized by partial or complete replacement of polyols from renewable sources such as vegetable oils with petrochemical polyols. There are many studies in the literature on polyol production from different vegetable oils such as soybean oil, castor oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, karanja oil, andiroba oil, and cottonseed oil.

In this chapter, the composition, raw materials, and properties of PU materials used in textile and other sectors are explained and the possibilities for bio-based PU synthesis are mentioned. First of all, vegetable oils used in polyol synthesis will be examined. The structure and modification of these oils will be explained. After that, polyol synthesis from oils and polyurethane synthesis from vegetable oil-based polyols are emphasized.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Textile Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Hilal Olcay

  2. Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Hilal Olcay

  3. Department of Textile Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Emine Dilara Kocak & Zehra Yıldız

Authors
  1. Hilal Olcay
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  2. Emine Dilara Kocak
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  3. Zehra Yıldız
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Correspondence to Hilal Olcay .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Head of Sustainability, SgT and API, Kowloon, Hong Kong

    Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu

  2. Centro de Estudios para el Lujo Sustentable, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Miguel Angel Gardetti

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Olcay, H., Kocak, E.D., Yıldız, Z. (2020). Sustainability in Polyurethane Synthesis and Bio-based Polyurethanes. In: Muthu, S.S., Gardetti, M.A. (eds) Sustainability in the Textile and Apparel Industries. Sustainable Textiles: Production, Processing, Manufacturing & Chemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38013-7_7

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