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Use of the Internet of Things in Public Governance for Law Enforcement and Inspection: The Case of Russia

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Beyond Smart and Connected Governments

Part of the book series: Public Administration and Information Technology ((PAIT,volume 30))

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Abstract

The Internet of Things is being actively introduced in Russian public governance for inspection and oversight. In this chapter, based on an analysis of IoT policy, legal acts, secondary statistical data, and the authors’ own involvement in testing IoT technologies, we formulate cases and use them as a basis for an IoT classification oriented to the needs of government agencies. The spheres of application we consider are transport, justice, retail, and manufacturing. The case we study in greatest detail is that of the fur industry. We apply the method of cost–benefit analysis and examine the costs of using IoT in public governance to regulate the turnover of fur goods as well as the benefits for key stakeholders (government, society, business). We identify barriers that prevent IoT technology from being used effectively and describe the effects of implementing IoT in the fur industry and other areas in which IoT is used for inspection and oversight.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Though the term “Internet of Things” became popular in 2010–2011, we refer to the important source by Ashton written in 2015.

  2. 2.

    For example, the following applications available in Google Play: Anti-Counterfeit Alco, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ru.fsrar.anticontrafact; Bill Checker, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ru.fns.billchecker.

  3. 3.

    This feature corresponds to the definition of IoT in the Gartner IT Glossary (2012): https://iq.hse.ru/news/199111386.html (accessed August 4, 2017).

  4. 4.

    Priority Program for Reform and Oversight (approved by the President’s Council for Strategic Development and Priority Projects, 2016), http://government.ru/news/25930/ (accessed July 4, 2017).

  5. 5.

    The Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) is an integrational political and economic project for five post-Soviet countries: Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Kirghizia, and Armenia.

  6. 6.

    Website of the Organization on Standardization: https://www.gs1.org/.

  7. 7.

    Results of Fur Production Tagging, Report (2017), Russian Fur Union, http://www.rpms.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=1&Itemid=10&lang=ru&limitstart=18 (accessed August 18, 2017).

  8. 8.

    Materials from a meeting of the Government Commission for the Prevention of Illegal Trade in Industrial Products, http://minpromtorg.gov.ru/press-centre/news/#!itogi_provedeniya_veernyh_ispytaniy_tovarov_obsudili_na_zasedanii_goskomissii_po_protivodeystviyu_nezakonnomu_oborotu_promyshlennoy_produkcii (accessed July 10, 2017).

  9. 9.

    Calculations are based on data from the Russian Customs Statistics Database: http://stat.customs.ru/.

  10. 10.

    The survey was conducted by the National Institute of System Research on Entrepreneurship Problems (http://e.ru/) in October, 2016, by means of a questionnaire. The 300 respondents represented businesses that produce, import and trade in clothes, including fur products, in seven Russian regions, including Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Tatarstan. The survey’s findings were not officially published but were presented at the international forum “Anti-Counterfeiting 2016,” Yerevan, Armenia.

  11. 11.

    According to data of the Russian National Integrated Public Procurement System (procurement notices 0173100007817000006, 0173100007816000051, and 0173100007815000103).

  12. 12.

    We should note that this is the opinion of respondents who do not want to pay for costly RFID technology and believe that the project’s objectives could have been achieved with simple two-dimensional barcodes. The project’s defenders, however, believe that RFID technology can make warehouse logistics more effective in addition to fighting counterfeit goods. We will note only that increasing the effectiveness of warehouse logistics was not an objective of the project, and businesses that so desired could have introduced the technologies voluntarily rather than being required to use them.

Abbreviations

GLN:

Global Location Number

GLONASS:

Global Navigation Satellite System

Goznak:

Joint stock company “Goznak”

GS1:

Not-for-profit organization “GS1”

GTIN:

Global Trade Item Number

ICT:

Information and Communication Technologies

IoT:

Internet of Things

IT:

Information Technologies

QR codes:

Quick Response Code

RFID:

Radio Frequency Identification

RFID tags:

Сontrol (identification) tags of items based on RFID technology

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia

    Alexander Knutov & Evgeny Styrin

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  1. Alexander Knutov
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  2. Evgeny Styrin
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Correspondence to Evgeny Styrin .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA

    J. Ramon Gil-Garcia , Theresa A. Pardo  & Mila Gasco-Hernandez ,  & 

  2. Universidad de las Americas Puebla, San Andrés Cholula, Puebla, Mexico

    J. Ramon Gil-Garcia

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Knutov, A., Styrin, E. (2020). Use of the Internet of Things in Public Governance for Law Enforcement and Inspection: The Case of Russia. In: Gil-Garcia, J.R., Pardo, T.A., Gasco-Hernandez, M. (eds) Beyond Smart and Connected Governments. Public Administration and Information Technology, vol 30. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37464-8_7

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