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Infectious Complications of Biological Agents

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Current Trends and Concerns in Infectious Diseases

Part of the book series: Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century ((EIDC))

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Abstract

In the past decade, there has been a plethora of novel biological, immune-modulating agents marketed for the treatment of rheumatic disorders and autoimmune diseases with marked efficacy. However, these effective agents achieve their response through modulation of the host immune responses which are important in the control of various microbial pathogens. Thus, it is not surprising that a wide spectrum of opportunistic infections has been reported as complications of these novel agents. These medications made by molecular biological techniques and small molecule kinase inhibitors act by interfering with cytokine function or production, inhibiting signals required for T cell function, and deplete or inactivate B cells. Standard disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs [DMARDs] have been used for many decades for these autoimmune inflammatory disorders with moderate to very good responses, but were also complicated by increased infections, seen especially with corticosteroids, methotrexate, and cyclophosphamide. This chapter reviews the mechanisms of these novel therapeutic agents and their infectious complications in comparison to standard DMARDs, and also evaluates the risk of infections with novel biological agents now in use for various malignancies and hematological disorders.

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    I. W. Fong

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Fong, I.W. (2020). Infectious Complications of Biological Agents. In: Current Trends and Concerns in Infectious Diseases. Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36966-8_6

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