Face Recognition Technology pp 27-38 | Cite as
Some Ethical and Legal Issues of FRT
Chapter
First Online:
- 1 Mentions
- 248 Downloads
Abstract
This chapter considers some of the ethical and legal issues of FRT. Ethically FRT is problematic and legally challenging, ethically because of its intrusiveness and legally because the technology exceeds and tests the jurisprudential boundaries. Some examples of where and how FRT is used to illustrate the issues, and how privacy campaigners have responded to its burgeoning uses by commercial enterprises and government agencies.
References
- Bowcott O (2008) Credit crunch hits plans for DVLA’s facial recognition database. http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2008/nov/13/transport-economy. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Center for Democracy and Technology (2012) Seeing is ID’ing: facial recognition & privacy. https://cdt.org/files/pdfs/Facial_Recognition_and_Privacy-Center_for_Democracy_and_Technology-January_2012.pdf. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Cuomo AM (2013) Governor Cuomo announces 13,000 identity fraud cases investigated by DMV using facial recognition technology. https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-13000-identity-fraud-cases-investigated-dmv-using-facial-recognition. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Data Protection Act 2018, chapter 2 §35-40 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2018/12/contents/enacted. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- DVLA Strategic Plan for 2014 to 2017, §1.17 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/dvla-3-year-strategic-plan/dvla-strategic-plan-2014-to-2017. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Edgar TH (2017) Beyond snowden: privacy, mass surveillance, and the struggle to reform the NSA. Brookings Institution Press, Washington DCGoogle Scholar
- Electronic Privacy Information Center: EPIC v. FBI: The Next Generation Identification. https://epic.org/foia/fbi/ngi/. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Falconer C (2013) The detention of David Miranda was an unlawful use of the Terrorism Act. The Guardian, 21st August 2013. http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/aug/21/terrorism-act-david-miranda-detention. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Homeland Security News Wire 12 December 2005. Visage selected for UK facial-recognition driver license scheme. http://www.homelandsecuritynewswire.com/viisage-selected-uk-facial-recognition-driver-license-scheme. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Hunt G (2013) Civil servants and whistle-blowing: loyal neutrality and/or democratic ideal? In: Neuhold C, Vanhoonacker S, Verhey L (eds) Civil servants and politics: a delicate balance. Palgrave Macmillan, London, p 46Google Scholar
- Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) Data Sharing 2011, p 15 https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/guidance-index/data-protection-act-1998/. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Jacobs K (2014) Exposed again Suzanne Posel a.k.a. Sanne Cohen (Occupy Corporatism. Truth News International. https://truthnewsinternational.wordpress.com/2014/02/22/exposed-again-suzanne-posel-a-k-a-sanne-cohen-occupy-corporatism/. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Kelly H (2013) After Boston: the pros and cons of surveillance cameras. https://edition.cnn.com/2013/04/26/tech/innovation/security-cameras-boston-bombings/index.html. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Kluge EHW (2001) The ethics of electronic patient records. Peter Lang Publishing Inc., New YorkGoogle Scholar
- New York Police Department (NYPD) Public Security Privacy Guidelines 2009, p 1 http://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/downloads/pdf/crime_prevention/public_security_privacy_guidelines.pdf. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Obama B (2014) Remarks by the President on review of signals intelligence. http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/01/17/remarks-president-review-signals-intelligence. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Orekhov O (2014) Complex data processing gets simpler with cascading. http://www.epam.com/ideas/blog/complex-data-processing-gets-simpler-with-cascading. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Posel S (2012) Disney biometrics and the department of defense. http://www.occupycorporatism.com/disney-biometrics-and-the-department-of-defense/. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Rouse M (n.d.) Data aggregation. https://searchsqlserver.techtarget.com/definition/data-aggregation. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Sadowski J (2013) Ron Wyden’s warning: America may be on track to become surveillance state. http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2013/07/23/ron_wyden_dangers_of_nsa_surveillance_and_the_patriot_act.html. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Smith D (2013) Facial recognition and driver licenses: identification or data collection? http://jonathanturley.org/2013/07/06/facial-recognition-and-driver-licenses-identification-or-data-collection/#more-66734. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Solove DJ (2008, pbk 2009) Understanding privacy. Harvard University Press, CambridgeGoogle Scholar
- Solove DJ (2011) Nothing to hide: the false trade off between privacy and security. Yale University Press, New Haven, p 77Google Scholar
- Suderman J (2016) A Disney dilemma – fingerprinting at the happiest place on earth. http://jeffsuderman.com/tag/epcot-center. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Timm T (2013) Reform the FISA Court: privacy law should never be radically reinterpreted in secret. https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2013/07/fisa-court-has-been-radically-reinterpreting-privacy-law-secret. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- United States v. Jones, 565 U.S. 400 (2012) Jones was convicted and given a life sentence. http://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/565/10-1259/. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- USA Patriot Act. https://it.ojp.gov/PrivacyLiberty/authorities/statutes/1281. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Valentino-DeVries J, Gorman S (2013) Secret Court’s redefinition of ‘relevant’ empowered vast NSA data-gathering. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB100014241278873238739045785718937 58853344.html. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
- Washington State Legislature: Facial Recognition Matching System RCW 46.20.037 (1). http://apps.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=46.20.037. Accessed 7 Aug 2019
Copyright information
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020