Abstract
Building energy consumption plays an essential role in urban sustainability. The prediction of the energy demand is also of particular importance for developing smart cities and urban planning. Machine learning has recently contributed to the advancement of methods and technologies to predict demand and consumption for building energy systems. This paper presents a state of the art of machine learning models and evaluates the performance of these models. Through a systematic review and a comprehensive taxonomy, the advances of machine learning are carefully investigated and promising models are introduced.
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Abbreviations
- Generalized boosted regression:
-
GBR
- Deep learning:
-
DL
- Artificial neural network:
-
ANN
- Extreme learning machine:
-
ELM
- Machine learning:
-
ML
- Support vector machine:
-
SVM
- Wavelet neural networks:
-
WNN
- Support vector regression:
-
SVR
- Genetic algorithm:
-
GA
- Multi layered perceptron:
-
MLP
- Long short-term memory:
-
LSTM
- Decision tree:
-
DT
- Response surface methodology:
-
RSM
- Back propagation neural network:
-
BPNN
- Centroid mean:
-
CM
- Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system:
-
ANFIS
- Analytic network process:
-
ANP
- Radial basis function:
-
RBF
- Feed-forward neural networks:
-
FFNN
- Particle swarm optimization:
-
PSO
- Random forest:
-
RF
- Non-random two-liquid:
-
NRTL
- Recurrent neural network:
-
RNN
- Partial least squares:
-
PLS
- Discriminant analysis:
-
DA
- Principal component analysis:
-
PCA
- Linear discriminant analysis:
-
LDA
- Autoregressive integrated moving average:
-
ARIMA
- Least-squares:
-
LS
- Sparse Bayesian:
-
SB
- Multi criteria decision making:
-
MCDM
- Genetic programming:
-
GP
- Multi linear regression:
-
MLR
- Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis:
-
SWARA
- Multi Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis:
-
MOORA
- Nonlinear autoregressive exogenous:
-
NARX
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Acknowledgments
This publication has been supported by the Project: “Support of research and development activities of the J. Selye University in the field of Digital Slovakia and creative industry” of the Research & Innovation Operational Programme (ITMS code: NFP313010T504) co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund.
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Ardabili, S., Mosavi, A., Várkonyi-Kóczy, A.R. (2020). Building Energy Information: Demand and Consumption Prediction with Machine Learning Models for Sustainable and Smart Cities. In: Várkonyi-Kóczy, A. (eds) Engineering for Sustainable Future. INTER-ACADEMIA 2019. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 101. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36841-8_19
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