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Heparanase in Cancer Metastasis – Heparin as a Potential Inhibitor of Cell Adhesion Molecules

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Heparanase

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1221))

Abstract

Tumor progression associated with hematogenous metastatic spread is a multistep process based on a cross-talk between tumor and stromal cells in a tumor microenvironment. In the blood circulation, tumor cells interact with blood cells through receptors such as selectin and integrins that promote tumor cells survival. At the metastatic sites, heparanase secreted by tumor or stromal cells is an important modifier of the tumor microenvironment while promoting tumor invasiveness and angiogenesis. Heparin, particularly low molecular weight heparin, is used for treatment of cancer patients with evidence of hypercoagulability. However, in preclinical studies heparins was shown to contain other biological activities that affect cancer progression including inhibition of heparanase, selectins and integrins. While ongoing clinical trials are assessing inhibition of heparanase on cancer progression, the remaining biological activities of heparins inhibiting cells adhesion, through selectins and integrins remains largely unexplored. This chapter addresses the potential role of heparins in oncology with respect to their anti-heparanase and anti-adhesive activities and aims to discuss aspects relevant for broader therapeutic application of heparins.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany

    G. Bendas

  2. University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Lubor Borsig

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  1. Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC) Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Haifa, Israel

    Israel Vlodavsky

  2. Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Ralph D. Sanderson

  3. Technion Integrated Cancer Center (TICC) Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Haifa, Israel

    Neta Ilan

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Bendas, G., Borsig, L. (2020). Heparanase in Cancer Metastasis – Heparin as a Potential Inhibitor of Cell Adhesion Molecules. In: Vlodavsky, I., Sanderson, R., Ilan, N. (eds) Heparanase. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1221. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34521-1_11

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