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Flexible Intravascular EIS Sensors for Detecting Metabolically Active Plaque

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Interfacing Bioelectronics and Biomedical Sensing

Abstract

This chapter presents a comprehensive discussion on the recent development of utilizing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in atherosclerosis diagnosis. We first outline the general characteristics of atherosclerosis and the need for novel intravascular detection technology. The underlying principal of EIS is then reviewed from physical modeling and equivalent circuit perspectives. The focus of this chapter is the implementation of various EIS devices. We compare the typical 4-point electrode with the more compact 2-point configuration. The concentric bipolar electrode design has been discussed from the early in vitro sample testing to the subsequent device implementation based on stretchable materials. We then move to the most recent 2-point symmetric electrode design, based on which a fascinating 6-point 3-D EIS scheme has been developed. We discuss the live animal study being conducted to demonstrate the performance of such EIS design. Finally, this chapter concludes with our vision on future direction of improving the EIS technology, as well as advancing toward clinical adaptation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA

    Yuan Luo, Y. C. Tai & Tzung K. Hsiai

  2. Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Rene Packard, Parinaz Abiri & Tzung K. Hsiai

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  1. Yuan Luo
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  2. Rene Packard
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  3. Parinaz Abiri
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  4. Y. C. Tai
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  5. Tzung K. Hsiai
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Correspondence to Tzung K. Hsiai .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA

    Hung Cao

  2. Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Todd Coleman

  3. Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Tzung K. Hsiai

  4. California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Ali Khademhosseini

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Luo, Y., Packard, R., Abiri, P., Tai, Y.C., Hsiai, T.K. (2020). Flexible Intravascular EIS Sensors for Detecting Metabolically Active Plaque. In: Cao, H., Coleman, T., Hsiai, T., Khademhosseini, A. (eds) Interfacing Bioelectronics and Biomedical Sensing. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34467-2_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34467-2_6

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