Abstract
In the adult brain, it is well known that increases in local neural activity trigger changes in regional blood flow and, thus, changes in cerebral energy metabolism. This regulation mechanism is called neurovascular coupling (NVC). It is not yet clear to what extent this mechanism is present in the premature brain. In this study, we explore the use of transfer entropy (TE) in order to compute the nonlinear coupling between changes in brain function, assessed by means of EEG, and changes in brain oxygenation, assessed by means of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). In a previous study, we measured the coupling between both variables using a linear model to compute TE. The results indicated that changes in brain oxygenation were likely to precede changes in EEG activity. However, using a nonlinear and nonparametric approach to compute TE, the results indicate an opposite directionality of this coupling. The source of the different results provided by the linear and nonlinear TE is unclear and needs further research. In this study, we present the results from a cohort of 21 premature neonates. Results indicate that TE values computed using the nonlinear approach are able to discriminate between neonates with brain abnormalities and healthy neonates, indicating a less functional NVC in neonates with brain abnormalities.
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Acknowledgments
Dries Hendrikx is a SB PhD fellow at the Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) Vlaanderen. This research was also supported by Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds KU Leuven (BOF): SPARKLE – Sensor-based Platform for the Accurate and Remote monitoring of Kinematics Linked to E-health #: IDO-13-0358, The effect of perinatal stress on the later outcome in preterm babies #: C24/15/036 and TARGID – Development of a novel diagnostic medical device to assess gastric motility #: C32-16-00364. Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek-Vlaanderen (FWO): Hercules Foundation (AKUL 043) ‘Flanders BCI Lab – High-End, Modular EEG Equipment for Brain Computer Interfacing’. Agentschap Innoveren en Ondernemen (IWT): O&O HBC 2016 0184 eWatch. imec funds 2017. imec ICO projects: ICON HBC.2016.0167, ‘SeizeIt’. Belgian Foreign Affairs-Development Cooperation: VLIR UOS programs (2013-2019). EU: European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013): The HIP Trial: #260777. ERAMUS+: INGDIVS 2016-1 SE01-KA203-022114. European Research Council: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) / ERC Advanced Grant: BIOTENSORS (no 339804). This paper reflects only the author’s views and the Union is not liable for any use that may be made of the contained information. EU H2020-FETOPEN ‘AMPHORA’ #766456.
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Hendrikx, D. et al. (2020). Nonlinear Transfer Entropy to Assess the Neurovascular Coupling in Premature Neonates. In: Ryu, PD., LaManna, J., Harrison, D., Lee, SS. (eds) Oxygen Transport to Tissue XLI. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1232. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34461-0_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34461-0_2
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