Skip to main content

Someone Else’s Story: An Ethical Approach to Interactive Narrative Design for Cultural Heritage

Part of the Lecture Notes in Computer Science book series (LNISA,volume 11869)

Abstract

This paper outlines an approach to community based co-design of interactive narrative (IN) cultural heritage experiences, based on the author’s development of an advanced-level project course on the topic over the past six years. Several projects are discussed as case studies, including projects that address the history of Irish immigrants working as domestic laborers in Troy NY in the 1850s; urban renewal in Albany NY and Troy NY in the 1960s and 1970s; the Native American nations’ Iroquois Confederacy in present-day Cohoes NY; and the upstate New York history of Harriet Tubman, the legendary African American liberator of hundreds of enslaved people during the 1850s and 1860s. Issues highlighted include the ethics of telling other people’s stories in the IN medium, the myth of the designer as impartial facilitator, the power structures of different types of design processes, and complexities of large scale projects that incorporate emergent technology, contested histories, and a wide range of stakeholders and participants. Lessons learned are shared in the form of a set of guidelines to help shape design and development of interactive narrative projects in educational, museum, and heritage settings.

Keywords

  • Co-design
  • Pedagogy
  • Digital heritage
  • Interactive narrative

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-33894-7_6
  • Chapter length: 14 pages
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
eBook
USD   69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • ISBN: 978-3-030-33894-7
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
Softcover Book
USD   89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.

References

  1. Goffman, E.: Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. Harvard UP, Cambridge, MA (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Parry, R.: The end of the beginning: normatively in the postdigital museum. Mus. Worlds 1(1), 24–39 (2013)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  3. Rouse, R.: VR and Media of attraction: design lessons from history. In: Sherman, W. (ed.) Virtual Reality Programming Gems. Taylor and Francis CRC Press (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Schiavo, L.B.: From phantom image to perfect vision: physiological optics, commercial photography, and the popularization of the stereoscope. In: Gitelman, L., Pingree, G.B. (eds.) New Media 1740-1915, pp. 113–137. MIT Press, Cambridge MA (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Parry, R. (ed.): Museums in a Digital Age. Routledge, New York (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Knoller, N.: Complexity and the Userly Text. In: Grishakova, M., Poulaki, M. (eds.) Narrative Complexity: Cognition, Embodiment, Evolution, pp. 98–122. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln (2019)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  7. Koenitz, H.: Towards a Specific Theory of Interactive Narrative. In: Koenitz, H., Ferri, G., Haahr, M., Sezen, D., Sezen, T.I. (eds.) Interactive Digital Narrative: History, Theory, and Practice, pp. 91–105. Routledge, New York (2015)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  8. de la Pena, N., et al.: Immersive Journalism: immersive virtual reality for the first-person experience of news. In: Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 19(4), pp. 291–301 (2010)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  9. Milk, C.: How virtual reality can create the ultimate empathy machine. TED Talk (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Fisher, J.A.: Empathic actualities: toward a taxonomy of empathy in virtual reality. In: Nunes, N., Oakley, I., Nisi, V. (eds.) ICIDS 2017. LNCS, vol. 10690, pp. 233–244. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71027-3_19

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  11. Shuman, A.: Other People’s Stories: Entitlement Claims and the Critique of Empathy. University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Chicago (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Engberg, M.: Augmented and mixed reality design for contested and challenging histories. MW17: Museums and the Web Published, 30 January 2017. Consulted 17 July 2019. https://mw17.mwconf.org/paper/augmented-and-mixed-reality-design-for-contested-and-challenging-histories-postcolonial-approaches-to-site-specific-storytelling/

  13. Fisher, J.A., Schoemann, S.: Toward an ethics of interactive storytelling at dark tourism sites in virtual reality. In: Rouse, R., Koenitz, H., Haahr, M. (eds.) ICIDS 2018. LNCS, vol. 11318, pp. 577–590. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04028-4_68

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  14. Phelan, P.: Unmarked: The Politics of Performance. Routledge, London (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Alcoff, L.: The problem of speaking for others. Cult. Crit. J. (20) 5–32 (1991–1992). https://www.jstor.org/stable/1354221

  16. Cavarero, A.: Relating Narratives: Storytelling and Selfhood. Routledge, Abingdon (2014)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  17. Nyamnjoh, F.B.: ICTs as Juju: African inspiration for understanding the compositeness of being human through digital technologies. In: Keynote address at the 2019 Digital Humanities Conference, Utrecht University, Netherlands (2019)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  18. Rouse, W.B.: Design for Success: A Human-Centered Approach to Designing Successful Products and Systems. Wiley, Hoboken (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Rouse, W.B.: People and Organizations: Explorations of Human-Centered Design. Wiley, Hoboken (2007)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  20. Kelley, T., Littman, J.: The Art of Innovation: Lessons in Creativity from IDEO. America’s Leading Design Firm. Doubleday, New York (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Moggeridge, B., Atkinson, B.: Designing Interactions. MIT Press, Cambridge (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Hench, J., Van Pelt, P.: Designing Disney: Imagineering and the Art of the Show. Disney Editions (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Verplank, B.: Interaction Design Sketchbook: Frameworks for Designing Interactive Products and Systems. Unpublished paper posted, 1 December 2009. Consulted 17 July 2019. http://www.billverplank.com/IxDSketchBook.pdf

  24. King, S., Conley, M., Latimer, B., Ferrari, D.: Co-Design: a Process in Design Participation. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Bardzell, D., Bardzell, S.: Towards a feminist HCI methodology: social science, feminism, and HCI. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 675–684. ACM (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Sanders, E.B.-N., Stappers, P.J.: Probes, Toolkits, and Prototypes: three approaches to making in codesigning. CoDesign 10(1), 5–14 (2014)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  27. Parvin, N.: Doing justice to stories: on ethics and politics of digital storytelling. Engag. Sci. Technol. Soc. 4, 515–534 (2018)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  28. Stout, W.F.: IDEO Method Cards: 51 Ways to Inspire Design. IDEO (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Helguera, P.: Education for Socially Engaged Art: A Materials and Techniques Handbook. Jorge Pinto Books, New York (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Baldwin, J.: Unnameable objects, unspeakable crimes. In: The White Problem in America, pp. 170–180. Johnson, Chicago (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Bennett, T.: The exhibitionary complex. In: New Formations (4) Spring, pp. 73–102 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Dunne, A., Raby, F.: Speculative Everything: Design, Fiction, and Social Dreaming. MIT Press, Cambridge (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Packer, H.S., Hargood, C., Howard, Y., Papadopoulos, P., Millard, D.E.: Developing a Writer’s Toolkit for Interactive Locative Storytelling. In: Nunes, N., Oakley, I., Nisi, V. (eds.) ICIDS 2017. LNCS, vol. 10690, pp. 63–74. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71027-3_6

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  34. Rouse, R., Engberg, M., Parvin, N., Bolter, J.D.: Understanding mixed reality. Digit. Creat. 26(3–4), 175–227 (2015)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  35. Rouse, R., Barba, E.: Design for emerging media: how MR designers think about storytelling, process, and defining the field. In: Nunes, N., Oakley, I., Nisi, V. (eds.) ICIDS 2017. LNCS, vol. 10690, pp. 245–258. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71027-3_20

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  36. hooks, B.: Teaching to Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom. Routledge, London (1994)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Some of the activities described in this paper were supported by an NEH Humanities Connections Grant. The author also wishes to acknowledge and thank the many community organizations and individuals who welcomed her and her students into collaboration with incredible grace and generosity: The Rensselaer County Historical Society, Ilene Frank, Stacey Pomeroy Draper, Kathy Sheehan, The New York State Office of Historic Preservation, Mary Paley, Tony Opalka, Jenifer Monger, Tammy Gobert, Andrew White, Erica Wagner, The Rapp Road Historical Association, Stephanie Woodard, Beverly Bardequez, Todd Ferguson, The City of Cohoes, Ken Ragsdale, Melissa Cherubino, Michael Jacobson, Kay Olan (Ionetaiwas), Cohoes Middle School, Judith Pingelski, Jennifer Sangiacomo, Steve Lackmann, Mickey Smith, MiSci Museum of Science and Innovation, Janell Hobson, Marc Destefano, Megan Norris, Troy Middle School, Kathy Fuller, Girls Who Code, Chris Sohn, and all the wonderful students of the AR Design for Cultural Heritage course.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rebecca Rouse .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Rouse, R. (2019). Someone Else’s Story: An Ethical Approach to Interactive Narrative Design for Cultural Heritage. In: Cardona-Rivera, R., Sullivan, A., Young, R. (eds) Interactive Storytelling. ICIDS 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11869. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33894-7_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33894-7_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-33893-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-33894-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)