Skip to main content

Designing and Developing Interactive Narratives for Collaborative Problem-Based Learning

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Interactive Storytelling (ICIDS 2019)

Abstract

Narrative and collaboration are two core features of rich interactive learning. Narrative-centered learning environments offer significant potential for supporting student learning. By contextualizing learning within interactive narratives, these environments leverage students’ innate facilities for developing understandings through stories. Computer-supported collaborative learning environments offer students rich, collaborative learning experiences in which small groups of students engage in constructing artifacts, addressing disciplinary challenges, and solving problems. Narrative and collaboration have distinct affordances for learning, but combining them poses significant challenges. In this paper, we present initial work on solving this problem by introducing collaborative narrative-centered learning environments. These environments will enable small groups of students to collaboratively solve problems in rich multi-participant storyworlds. We propose a novel framework for designing and developing these environments, which we are using to create a collaborative narrative-centered learning environment for middle school ecosystems education. In the learning environment, students work on problem-solving scenarios centered on how to support optimal fish health in aquatic environments. Results from pilot testing the learning environment with 45 students suggest it supports the creation of engaging and effective collaborative narrative-centered learning experiences.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Lester, J., Rowe, J., Mott, B.: Narrative-centered learning environments: a story-centric approach to educational games. In: Mouza, C., Lavigne, N. (eds.) Emerging Technologies for the Classroom: A Learning Sciences Perspective, pp. 223–238 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lester, J., Spires, H., Nietfeld, J., Minogue, J., Mott, B., Lobene, E.: Designing game-based learning environments for elementary science education: a narrative-centered learning perspective. Inf. Sci. 264, 4–18 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Hmelo-Silver, C.E., Chinn, C.A., Chan, C., O’Donnell, A.M.: The International Handbook of Collaborative Learning. Routledge, New York (2013)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  4. Aylett, R.S., Louchart, S., Dias, J., Paiva, A., Vala, M.: FearNot!: an experiment in emergent narrative. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, pp. 305–316 (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Mott, B., Lester, J.: U-director: a decision-theoretic narrative planning architecture for storytelling environments. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, Hakodate, pp. 977–984 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Riedl, M.O., Lane, H., Hill, R., Swartout, W.: Automated story direction and intelligent tutoring: towards a unifying architecture. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Narrative Learning Environments at the 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, pp. 23–30 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Lee, S., Rowe, J., Mott, B., Lester, J.: A supervised learning framework for modeling director agent strategies in educational interactive narrative. IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games 6, 203–215 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Wang, P., Rowe, J., Mott, B., Lester, J.: Decomposing drama management in educational interactive narrative: a modular reinforcement learning approach. In: 9th International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling, pp. 270–282 (2016)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Rowe, J., Shores, L., Mott, B., Lester, J.: Integrating learning, problem solving, and engagement in narrative-centered learning environments. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ. 21(1–2), 115–133 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Wouters, P., van Nimwegen, C., van Oostendorp, H., van der Spek, E.: A meta-analysis of the cognitive and motivational effects of serious games. J. Educ. Psychol. 105(2), 249–265 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Clark, D.B., Tanner-Smith, E., Killingsworth, S.: Digital games, design, and learning: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev. Educ. Res. 86(1), 79–122 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Marsella, S.C., Johnson, W.L., LaBore, C.M.: Interactive pedagogical drama for health interventions. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, pp. 341–348 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Mitgutsch, K., Alvarado, N.: Purposeful by design? A serious game design assessment framework. In: El-Nasr, M., Consalvo, M., Feiner, S. (eds.) Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Foundations of Digital Games, pp. 121–128 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Min, W., Frankosky, M., Mott, B., Wiebe, E., Boyer, K.E., Lester. J.: Inducing stealth assessors from game interaction data. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, pp. 212–223 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ketelhut, D.J., Dede, C., Clarke, J., Nelson, B., Bowman, C.: Studying situated learning in a multiuser virtual environment. In: Baker, E., Dickieson, J., Wulfeck, W., O’Neil, H. (eds.) Assessment of Problem Solving Using Simulations, pp. 37–58 (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Riedl, M.O., Stern, A., Dini, D., Alderman, J.: Dynamic experience management in virtual worlds for entertainment, education, and training. Int. Trans. Syst. Sci. Appl. 4(2), 23–42 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Johnson, W.L.: Serious use of a serious game for language learning. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ. 20(2), 175–195 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Pynadath, D.V., Wang, N., Yang, R.: Simulating collaborative learning through decision-theoretic agents. In: Proceedings of the AIED Workshop on Team Tutoring (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Belland, B.R., Walker, A.E., Kim, N.J., Lefler, M.: Synthesizing results from empirical research on computer-based scaffolding in STEM education: a meta-analysis. Rev. Educ. Res. 87(2), 309–344 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Puntambekar, S.: Distributing scaffolding across multiple levels: individuals, small groups, and a class of students. In: Ertmer, P.A., Hmelo Silver, C., Walker, A., Leary, H. (eds.) Essential Readings in Problem-based Learning, pp. 207–222 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Barrows, H.S.: A taxonomy of problem-based learning methods. Med. Educ. 20(6), 481–486 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Hmelo-Silver, C.E.: Problem-based learning: What and how do students learn? Educ. Psychol. Rev. 16, 235–266 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. McConnell, T., Parker, J., Eberhardt, J.: Problem-based learning in the life science classroom. K-12 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Torp, L. Sage, S: Problems as possibilities: Problem-based learning for K-16 education. ASCD (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Riedl, M., Li, B., Ai, H., Ram, A.: Robust and authorable multiplayer storytelling experiences. In: Proceedings of the 7th Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Spawforth, C., Millard, D.E.: A framework for multi-participant narratives based on multiplayer game interactions. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling, pp. 150–162 (2017)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  27. Zhu, J., Ontañón, S.: Experience management in multi-player games. arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.02349 (2019)

  28. Riedl, M.O., Saretto, C.J., Young, R.M.: Managing interaction between users and agents in a multi-agent storytelling environment. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, pp. 186–193 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Young, R.M.: Story and discourse: a bipartite model of narrative generation in virtual worlds. Interact. Stud. 8(2), 177–208 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  30. Traum, D., Marsella, S.C., Gratch, J., Lee, J., Hartholt, A.: Multi-party, multi-issue, multi-strategy negotiation for multi-modal virtual agents. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, pp. 117–130 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  31. McQuiggan, S., Rowe, J., Lester, J.C.: The effects of empathetic virtual characters on presence in narrative-centered learning environments. In: Proceedings of the 2008 SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1511–1520 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Thue, D., Bulitko, V., Spetch, M.: Making stories player-specific: delayed authoring in interactive storytelling. In: Proceedings of the 1st Joint International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling, pp. 230–241 (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  33. Aronson, E., Blaney, N., Stephin, C., Sikes, J., Snapp, M.: The Jigsaw Classroom. Sage Publishing Company, Beverly Hills (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Cohen, E.G.: Restructuring the classroom: conditions for productive small groups. Rev. Educ. Res. 64, 1–35 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Lazarowitz, R., Hertz-Lazarowitz, R., Baird, J.H.: Learning science in a cooperative setting: academic achievement and affective outcomes. J. Res. Sci. Teach. 31, 1121–1131 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Aronson, E., Bridgeman, D.: Jigsaw groups and the desegregated classroom: in pursuit of common goals. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Bull. 5, 438–446 (1979)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. McKee, R.: Substance, structure, style, and the principles of screenwriting (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Lave, J., Wenger, E.: Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Hmelo-Silver, C.E., Eberbach, C.: Learning theories and problem-based learning. In: Bridges, S., McGrath, C., Whitehill, T. (eds.) Problem-Based Learning in Clinical Education, pp. 3–17 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Järvenoja, H., Volet, S., Järvelä, S.: Regulation of emotions in socially challenging learning situations: an instrument to measure the adaptive and social nature of the regulation process. Educ. Psychol. 33(1), 31–58 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Hmelo-Silver, C.E., Barrows, H.S.: Facilitating collaborative knowledge building. Cogn. Instr. 26(1), 48–94 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Michaels, S., O’Connor, M.C., Hall, M.W., Resnick, L.B.: Accountable Talk Sourcebook: For Classroom Conversation that Works. University of Pittsburgh Institute for Learning, Pittsburgh (2010)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Science Foundation through grants DRL-1561655, DUE-1561486, DRL-1934153, DRL-1934128, and DRL-1921495. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bradford W. Mott .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Mott, B.W. et al. (2019). Designing and Developing Interactive Narratives for Collaborative Problem-Based Learning. In: Cardona-Rivera, R., Sullivan, A., Young, R. (eds) Interactive Storytelling. ICIDS 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11869. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33894-7_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33894-7_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-33893-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-33894-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics