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The Restoration Period (1861–1888)

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Białowieża Primeval Forest: Nature and Culture in the Nineteenth Century

Part of the book series: Environmental History ((ENVHIS,volume 11))

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Abstract

The history of Białowieża Primeval Forest (BPF) experienced a pivotal moment with the royal hunt by Alexander II in 1860. The impact of the hunt was to trigger a gradual change in BPF management (creating a game reserve, purchasing deer, exterminating predators, restricting logging) that ultimately transformed it into the private hunting ground of the Russian Tsars; a process completed in 1888. There was a major shift from the incremental moves towards commercial forestry driven by nineteenth-century scientific forestry towards being a hunting ground based on principals of German “rational” game management. The changes that the era of Great Reforms brought in the 1860s, sparked conflicts between former state peasants and BPF administration over traditional forest use. At the same time, as this change was sweeping through the forest interest in the natural world and in new ideas such as evolution and natural selection were emerging throughout Europe and North America. With this new enlightenment, the forest became subject to increasing interest and scrutiny from a more educated society. A consequence of this change was that the forest appeared regularly as a topic in publications devoted to nature and forestry. Furthermore, the region was visited by prominent artists and writers and perceptions and ideas relating to the forest and its European bison emerged from that time and some remain with us today.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Białowieża, Poland

    Tomasz Samojlik

  2. St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute for the History of Science and Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Anastasia Fedotova

  3. National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France

    Piotr Daszkiewicz

  4. Institute for the History of Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

    Piotr Daszkiewicz

  5. Department of the Natural and Built Environment, Faculty of Development and Society, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK

    Ian D. Rotherham

Authors
  1. Tomasz Samojlik
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  2. Anastasia Fedotova
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  3. Piotr Daszkiewicz
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  4. Ian D. Rotherham
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Correspondence to Tomasz Samojlik .

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Samojlik, T., Fedotova, A., Daszkiewicz, P., Rotherham, I.D. (2020). The Restoration Period (1861–1888) . In: Białowieża Primeval Forest: Nature and Culture in the Nineteenth Century . Environmental History, vol 11. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33479-6_6

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