Climate Change and the Role of Education pp 525-547 | Cite as
Teenagers Expand Their Conceptions of Climate Change Adaptation Through Research-Education Cooperation
- 2 Citations
- 323 Downloads
Abstract
Unlike previous generations, today’s youth is directly affected by global anthropogenic climate change (CC), and its increasing consequences throughout their lifetimes. However, both the educational strategies to prepare them for CC adaptation, and their conceptions of CC adaptation, remain insufficiently understood. This study sets out to investigate the CC adaptation conceptions of 120 students from four high-schools in Austria and Italy. The influence of a year-long research-education cooperation between students and 28 CC adaptation experts is examined. In the educational design, the focus lies on moderate-constructivist theories, and the transdisciplinary dialogue between students and experts. A mixed-methodologies approach is applied, which combines content analysis to study students’ conceptions of CC adaptation and test statistics (chi-square and t-test) to assess the impact of the educational intervention. The results show that students’ conceptions differ in degree of sophistication, and also include misconceptions. Some students relate adaptation to limiting disadvantages due to CC, others confuse adaptation with mitigation or environmental protection. After the educational intervention, most students have expanded their CC adaptation conceptions and overcome misconceptions, and their performance to differentiate between adaptation and mitigation increased significantly. This paper will be useful to researchers and teachers interested in utilizing education as a means to adapting to CC.
Keywords
Climate change Adaptation Conceptual change Constructivist learning Collaborative researchNotes
Funding
Research funding was received from 3. Forschungswettbewerbsausschreibung Autonome Provinz Bozen-Südtirol (Abteilung 34. Innovation, Forschung und Universität).
References
- Adger WN, Huq S, Brown K, Conway D, Hulme M (2003) Adaptation to climate change in the developing world. Prog Dev Stud 3(3):179–195. https://doi.org/10.1191/1464993403ps060oaCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Adger WN, Dessai S, Goulden M, Hulme M, Lorenzoni I, Nelson DR, Wreford A (2009) Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change? Clim Change 93:335–354. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-008-9520-zCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Anderson A (2012) Climate change education for mitigation and adaptation. J Educ Sustain Dev 6(2):191–206. https://doi.org/10.1177/0973408212475199CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Bardsley DK, Bardsley AM (2007) A constructivist approach to climate change teaching and learning. Geogr Res 45(4):329–339. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-5871.2007.00472.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Bengtsson M (2016) How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus Open 2:8–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Berrang-Ford L, Ford JD, Paterson J (2011) Are we adapting to climate change? Glob Environ Change 21(1):25–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.09.012CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Bofferding L, Kloser M (2015) Middle and high school students’ conceptions of climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies. Environ Educ Res 21(2):275–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2014.888401CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Bournot-Trites M, Belanger J (2005) Ethical dilemmas facing action researchers. J Educ Thought 39(2):197–215Google Scholar
- Corner A, Roberts O, Chiari S, Völler S, Mayrhuber ES, Mandl S, Monson K (2015) How do young people engage with climate change? The role of knowledge, values, message framing, and trusted communicators. Wiley Interdisc Rev Clim Change 6(5):523–534. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.353CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Cundill G, Harvey B, Tebboth M, Cochrane L, Currie-Alder B, Vincent K et al (2018) Large-scale transdisciplinary collaboration for adaptation research: challenges and insights. Glob Challenges 1700132. https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.201700132CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Davidson J, Lyth A (2012) Education for climate change adaptation—enhancing the contemporary relevance of planning education for a range of wicked problems. J Educ Built Environ 7(2):63–83. https://doi.org/10.11120/jebe.2012.07020063CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Duit R, Treagust DF (2003) Conceptual change: a powerful framework for improving science teaching and learning. Int J Sci Educ 25(6):671–688. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500690305016CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Ezcurdia M (1998) The concept-conception distinction. Philos Issues 9:187–192. https://doi.org/10.2307/1522969CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Fazey I, Fazey JA, Fischer J, Sheeren K, Warren J, Noss RF, Dovers SR (2007) Adaptive capacity and learning to learn as a leverage for social-ecological resilience. Front Ecol Environ 5(7):375–380. https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2007)5
- Folke C, Carpenter SR, Walker B, Scheffer M, Chapin T, Rockström J (2010) Resilience thinking: integrating resilience, adaptability and transformability. Ecol Soc 15(4). http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol15/iss4/art20/
- Ford JD, Berrang-Ford L, Paterson J (2011) A systematic review of observed climate change adaptation in developed nations. Clim Change 106(2):327–336. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0045-5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Frick J, Kaiser FG, Wilson M (2004) Environmental knowledge and conservation behaviour: exploring prevalence and structure in a representative sample. Pers Individ Differ 37(8):1597–1613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.02.015CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Gorddard R, Colloff MJ, Wise RM, Ware D, Dunlop M (2016) Values, rules and knowledge: adaptation as change in the decision context. Environ Sci Policy 57:60–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.12.004CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Grothmann T, Patt A (2005) Adaptive capacity and human cognition: the process of individual adaptation to climate change. Glob Environ Change 15(3):199–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2005.01.002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hansen G, Stone D (2016) Assessing the observed impact of anthropogenic climate change. Nat Clim Change 6:532–537. https://doi.org/10.1038/NCLIMATE2896CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hansen JP, Kharecha P, Sato M, Masson-Delmotte V, Ackerman F, Beerling DJ et al (2013) Assessing “dangerous climate change”: required reduction of carbon emissions to protect young people, future generations and nature. PLOS ONE 8:e81648. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081648CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hansen J, Sato M, Kharecha P, von Schuckmann K, Beerling DJ, Cao J, Ruedy R (2017) Young people’s burden: requirement of negative CO2 emissions. Earth Syst Dyn 8:577–616. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-8-577-2017CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hayden M, Houwer R, Frankfort M, Rueter J, Black T, Mortfield P (2011) Pedagogies of empowerment in the face of climate change uncertainty. J Activism Sci Technol Educ 3(1):118–130Google Scholar
- IPCC (2014) Climate change 2014: impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Part B: regional aspects. In: Barros VR, Field CB, Dokken DJ, Mastrandrea MD, Mach KJ, Bilir TE et al (eds) Contribution of working group II to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, CambridgeGoogle Scholar
- Körfgen A, Keller L, Kuthe A, Oberrauch A, Stötter H (2017) (Climate) change in young people’s minds—from categories towards interconnections between the anthroposphere and natural sphere. Sci Total Environ 580:178–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.127CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Krahenbuhl KS (2016) Student-centered education and constructivism: challenges, concerns, and clarity for teachers. Clearing House J Educ Strat Issues Ideas 89(3):97–105. https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2016.1191311CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Krippendorff K (2004) Reliability in content analysis—some common misconceptions and recommendations. Hum Commun Res 30(3):411–433. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2004.tb00738.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kroemker D, Mosler HJ (2002) Human vulnerability—factors influencing the implementation of prevention and protection measures: an agent based approach. In: Steininger K, Weck-Hannemann H (eds) Global environmental change in alpine regions, impact, recognition, adaptation and mitigation. Edward Elgar, CheltenhamGoogle Scholar
- Kuster EL, Fox GA (2017) Current state of climate education in natural and social sciences in the USA. Clim Change 141(4):613–626. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-017-1918-zCrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Lesnikowski A, Ford J, Biesbroek R, Berrang-Ford L, Maillet M, Araos M, Austin SE (2017) What does the Paris agreement mean for adaptation? Clim Policy 17(7):825–831. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2016.1248889CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Lutz W, Muttarak R, Striessnig E (2014) Universal education as a key to enhanced climate adaptation. Science 346(6213):1061–1062. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1257975CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Mayring P (2010) Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse. In: Flick U, von Kardoff E, Keupp H, von Rosenstiel L, Stephan W (eds) Handbuch qualitative Forschung: Grundlagen, Konzepte, Methoden und Anwendungen. Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, MünchenGoogle Scholar
- Mochizuki Y, Bryan A (2015) Climate change education in the context of education for sustainable development: rationale and principles. J Educ Sustain Dev 9(1):4–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/0973408215569109CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Monroe MC, Plate RR, Oxarart A, Bowers A, Chaves WA (2017) Identifying effective climate change education strategies: a systematic review of the research. Environ Educ Res 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2017.1360842CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Moser SC (2014) Communicating adaptation to climate change: the art and science of public engagement when climate change comes home. WIREs Clim Change 5(3):337–358. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.276CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Moser SC, Ekstrom JA (2010) A framework to diagnose barriers to climate change adaptation. PNAS 107(51). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1007887107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Ojala M, Lakew Y (2017) Young people and climate change communication. In: Oxford research encyclopedia of climate science. Oxford University Press, OxfordGoogle Scholar
- Park J-Y, Son J-B (2010) Transitioning toward transdisciplinary learning in a multidisciplinary environment. Int J Pedagogies Learn 6(1):82–93. https://doi.org/10.5172/ijpl.6.1.82CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Phuong LTH, Biesbroek GR, Wals AEJ (2017) The interplay between social learning and adaptive capacity in climate change adaptation: a systematic review. NJAS Wageningen J Life Sci 82:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1061/j.njas.2017.05.001
- Riede M, Keller L, Oberrauch A, Link S (2017) Climate change communication beyond the ‘ivory-tower’: a case study about the development, application, and evaluation of a science-education approach to communicate climate change to young people. J Sustain Educ 12:1–24Google Scholar
- Riemeier T (2007) Moderater Konstruktivismus. In: Krüger D, Vogt H (eds) Theorien in der biologiedidaktischen Forschung - Ein Handbuch für Lehramtsstudenten und Doktoranden. Springer, HeidelbergGoogle Scholar
- Rumore D, Schenk T, Susskind L (2016) Role-play simulations for climate change adaptation education and engagement. Nat Clim Change 6(8):745–750. https://doi.org/10.1038/NCLIMATE3084CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Runhaar H, Wilk B, Persson Å, Uittenbroek C, Wamsler C (2018) Mainstreaming climate adaptation: taking stock about “what works” from empirical research worldwide. Reg Environ Change 18(4):1201–1210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-017-1259-5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Shepardson DP, Niyogi D, Choi S, Charusombat U (2011) Students’ conceptions about the greenhouse effect, global warming, and climate change. Clim Change 104(3–4):481–507. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9786-9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Terhart E (1999) Konstruktivismus und Unterricht - Gibt es einen neuen Ansatz in der Allgemeinen Didaktik? Zeitschrift für Pädagogik 45:629–647Google Scholar
- Tolppanen S, Aksela M (2018) Identifying and addressing students’ questions on climate change. J Environ Educ 49(5):375–389. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.2017.1417816CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- UNFCCC (2015) Adoption of the Paris agreement—report No. FCCC/CP/2015/L.9/Rev.1. UNFCCC, Bonn. Retrieved from http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2015/cop21/eng/l09r01.pdf
- UNICEF (2015) Unless we act now—the impact of climate change on children. UNICEF, New York. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/publications/files/Unless_we_act_now_The_impact_of_climate_change_on_children.pdf
- Wamsler C (2017) Stakeholder involvement in strategic adaptation planning: Transdisciplinarity and co-production at stake? Environ Sci Policy 75:148–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2017.03.016CrossRefGoogle Scholar