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Olive Oil Polyphenols in Neurodegenerative Pathologies

Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series (AEMB,volume 1195)

Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases lead to the death of nerve cells in the brain or the spinal cord. A wide range of diseases are included within the group of neurodegenerative disorders, with the most common ones being dementia, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s diseases. Millions of older people are suffering from such pathologies. The global increase of life expectancy unavoidably leads to a consequent increase in the number of people who will be at some degree affected by neurodegenerative-related diseases. At this moment, there is no effective therapy or treatment that can reverse the loss of neurons. A growing number of studies highlight the value of the consumption of medical foods, and in particular olive oil, as one of the most important components of the Mediterranean diet. A diet based on extra virgin olive oil seems to contribute toward the lowering of risk of age-related pathologies due to high phenol concentration. The link of a polyphenol found in extra virgin olive oil, namely, tyrosol, with the protein tyrosinase, associated to Parkinson’s disease is underlined as a paradigm of affiliation between polyphenols and neurodegenerative disorders.

Keywords

  • Neuropharmacology
  • Neurodegenerative diseases
  • Computational biology

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Funding

Research was supported by a Microsoft Azure for Genomics research Grant (CRM:0740983) and by the FrailSafe Project (H2020-PHC-21-2015 – 690140) “Sensing and predictive treatment of frailty and associated comorbidities using advanced personalized models and advanced interventions,” co-funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 research and innovation program. EP was supported by the State Scholarships Foundation (IKY) – European Union (European Social Fund, ESF) and Greek national funds through the action entitled “Strengthening Human Resources Research Potential via Doctorate Research” in the framework of the operational program “Human Resources Development Program, Education, and Lifelong Learning” of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) 2014–2020.

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Correspondence to Dimitrios Vlachakis .

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Salis, C., Papageorgiou, L., Papakonstantinou, E., Hagidimitriou, M., Vlachakis, D. (2020). Olive Oil Polyphenols in Neurodegenerative Pathologies. In: Vlamos, P. (eds) GeNeDis 2018. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1195. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32633-3_12

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