Abstract
Forests have been playing a very important role in the establishment of land-use policies worldwide. Despite losing hundreds of thousands of hectares of forests over the last decades, Brazil has faced a great expansion of woody vegetation, due to planting forests with exotic and native species. Planting forests in Brazil has two main motivations: as an economic activity and for the fulfillment of legal obligations. In this chapter, we discuss the legal framework of the so-called multifunctional mixed-planted forests, focusing on when, where, and how those forests can be established according to legal rules, to a more effective provision of timber and non-timber products, and services as well. First of all it is necessary to distinguish forest plantations (basically silviculture) from planted forests, which are suggested to consist of many species (mostly native), low-intensity management, and selective logging. Those conditions allow multifunctional mixed-planted forests to provide plenty of ecosystem services, and those consisting exclusively of native tree species can be planted to recover all the situations in rural properties established by the Brazilian legal framework: permanent preservation areas, legal reserve, restricted-use areas, and common-use areas, placing many opportunities for the expansion of planted forests.
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Notes
- 1.
Services supplying means conserving ecological and hydrological processes.
- 2.
Federal laws can be consulted in http://www4.planalto.gov.br/legislacao/
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de Moraes, L.F.D., de Oliveira, R.E., Zakia, M.J.B., Von Glehn, H.C. (2020). The Brazilian Legal Framework on Mixed-Planted Forests. In: Bran Nogueira Cardoso, E., Gonçalves, J., Balieiro, F., Franco, A. (eds) Mixed Plantations of Eucalyptus and Leguminous Trees. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32365-3_13
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