Abstract
WiFi (IEEE 802.11 standard) networks are widely used to support real-time (RT) applications, from home environment systems to complex networked control systems (NCS). Nevertheless, the Quality of Service (QoS) extensions incorporated into the standard are still unable to guarantee some relevant RT communications requirements. This paper presents an experimental validation of the RT-WiFi architecture that was recently proposed to deal with RT communication requirements and analysed through simulation. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of implementing the RT-WiFi architecture and improving the QoS level of communications through a comparative analysis with the EDCA (Enhanced Distributed Channel Access) mechanism, which is a mechanism incorporated in the IEEE 802.11 standard to provide different levels of transmission priority of different types of traffic.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
In an open basic service set environment RT and non-RT (NRT) stations compete for access to the medium using the same communication channel and overlapping geographic area.
- 2.
The local ID (in the station) of an admitted TS can be different from ID assigned by ACU. Within this context, at stations level, the identifications are performed by the tuple [MAC address/local ID].
- 3.
This procedure can be used to avoid the association of non-authorised stations with the real-time network.
- 4.
The ADDTS (Add Traffic Stream) and DELTS (Delete Traffic Stream) messages are part of TSPEC element described in IEEE 802.11 standard.
- 5.
- 6.
- 7.
Although the name of the proposed architectures is the same (RT-WiFi), they are different works developed by different research groups.
- 8.
- 9.
References
Akpakwu, G.A., Silva, B.J., Hancke, G.P., Abu-Mahfouz, A.M.: A survey on 5G networks for the Internet of Things: communication technologies and challenges. IEEE Access 6, 3619–3647 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2779844
Botta, A., de Donato, W., Persico, V., Pescapé, A.: Integration of cloud computing and Internet of Things: a survey. Future Gener. Comput. Syst. 56, 684–700 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2015.09.021
Costa, R., Lau, J., Portugal, P., Vasques, F., Moraes, R.: Handling real-time communication in infrastructured IEEE 802.11 wireless networks: the RT-WiFi approach. J. Commun. Netw. 21(3), 319–334 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/JCN.2019.000013
Costa, R., Portugal, P., Vasques, F., Moraes, R.: A TDMA-based mechanism for real-time communication in IEEE 802.11 e networks. In: 2010 IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), pp. 1–9. IEEE (2010)
Da Xu, L., He, W., Li, S.: Internet of Things in industries: a survey. IEEE Trans. Industr. Inf. 10(4), 2233–2243 (2014)
Drath, R., Horch, A.: Industrie 4.0: hit or hype? [industry forum]. IEEE Industr. Electron. Mag. 8(2), 56–58 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1109/MIE.2014.2312079
Han, S., et al.: Architecture of a cyberphysical avatar. In: Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 4th International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems, pp. 189–198. ACM (2013)
International Standard for low-rate wireless networks. IEEE 802.15.4-2015 (Revision of IEEE Std 802.15.4-2011), pp. 1–709. IEEE, April 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEESTD.2016.7460875
International Standard - information technology-telecommunications and information exchange between systems-local and metropolitan area networks-specific requirements-part 11: wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications, IEEE 802–11, pp. 1–3538. IEEE, May 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEESTD.2018.8360794
Junior, J.R.B., Lau, J., de Oliveira Rech, L., Morales, A.S., Moraes, R.: Experimental evaluation of the coexistence of IEEE 802.11 EDCA and DCF mechanisms. In: IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC), pp. 00847–00852, June 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCC.2018.8538640
Li, B., et al.: Realistic case studies of wireless structural control. In: ACM/IEEE International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems (ICCPS), pp. 179–188 (2013)
Mangold, S., Choi, S., Hiertz, G.R., Klein, O., Walke, B.: Analysis of IEEE 802.11e for QoS support in wireless LANs. IEEE Wirel. Commun. 10(6), 40–50 (2003)
Moraes, R., Portugal, P., Vasques, F.: Simulation analysis of the IEEE 802.11 e EDCA protocol for an industrially-relevant real-time communication scenario. In: IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, pp. 202–209 (2006)
Moraes, R., Vasques, F., Portugal, P., Fonseca, J.A.: VTP-CSMA: a virtual token passing approach for real-time communication in IEEE 802.11 wireless networks. IEEE Trans. Industr. Inf. 3(3), 215–224 (2007)
Moraes, R., Vasques, F., Portugal, P., Souto, P.F.: A forcing collision resolution approach able to prioritize traffic in CSMA-based networks. Comput. Commun. 33(1), 54–64 (2010)
Song, J., et al.: WirelessHART: applying wireless technology in real-time industrial process control. In: Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS), pp. 377–386 (2008)
Wei, Y.H., Leng, Q., Han, S., Mok, A.K., Zhang, W., Tomizuka, M.: RT-WiFi: real-time high-speed communication protocol for wireless cyber-physical control applications. In: IEEE 34th Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS), pp. 140–149 (2013)
Wollschlaeger, M., Sauter, T., Jasperneite, J.: The future of industrial communication: automation networks in the era of the Internet of Things and industry 4.0. IEEE Industr. Electron. Mag. 11(1), 17–27 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/MIE.2017.2649104
Zhang, W., Zhu, X., Han, S., Byl, N., Mok, A.K., Tomizuka, M.: Design of a network-based mobile gait rehabilitation system. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO), pp. 1773–1778 (2012)
Acknowledgments
This research was partially funded by CAPES Print Program (grant 698503P).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Betiol Júnior, J., Costa, R., Moraes, R., Rech, L., Vasques, F. (2019). RT-WiFi Approach to Handle Real-Time Communication: An Experimental Evaluation. In: Palattella, M., Scanzio, S., Coleri Ergen, S. (eds) Ad-Hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks. ADHOC-NOW 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11803. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31831-4_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31831-4_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-31830-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-31831-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)