Abstract
Separation of married couples due to work requirements was quite common before the state-owned danwei system disintegrated in the 1990s. Huang’s early socialization at her grandmother’s home later became a source of alienation in her relationship with her mother. Huang’s mother embodied a soul traumatized by China’s past political movements, particularly the Cultural Revolution. The overseas experiences of Huang’s father and later her own opened up opportunities for them to seek a different lifestyle. Huang’s conversion in America and her later disillusionment about house church spirituality form a contrast. She experienced leaders’ lack of moral integrity and authenticity, and their theological understanding of the legitimate role of singlehood. In this discouraging spiritual environment, Huang became a pioneering leadership figure in ministering to other single females.
Narration by Huang (age forty two, university professor)
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Notes
- 1.
Since 1949, Voice of America was considered as “the enemy’s radio station” (ditai) in China. People who listened to it may face risks of persecution.
- 2.
Since the late 1990s, learning English and studying abroad became a popular trend among college students in China. Responding to this need, the market for the study of English saw a “New Oriental phenomenon.” Studying at this education institute became the first step to owning the language of success: English. New Oriental Education and Technology Group Inc. became the first private enterprise in China’s education industry to list on the New York Stock Exchange.
- 3.
On college campuses, organizations that reached out to Chinese students include InterVarsity, Campus Crusade for Christ, and The Navigators.
- 4.
Netizens in China use virtual private networks (VPNs) to evade the “Great Firewall” of censorship. In recent years, the Chinese government issued bans on VPNs. So from time to time, netizens need to update their knowledge about which VPN is still working.
- 5.
This term refers to the annual plenary sessions of the national People’s Congress and the national committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. They usually take place in March.
- 6.
Kelly Yang, “In China, It’s the Grandparents Who ‘Lean In’,” The Atlantic, September 30, 2013. https://www.theatlantic.com/china/archive/2013/09/in-china-its-the-grandparents-who-lean-in/280097/
- 7.
Helen Gao, “A Scar on the Chinese Soul,” New York Times, January 18, 2017. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/18/opinion/a-scar-on-the-chinese-soul.html
- 8.
Dorothee Soelle, Suffering, trans. by Everett R. Klain (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1975), 68–70.
- 9.
Christina S. Hitchcock, The Significance of Singleness: A Theological Vision for the Future of the Church (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2018), 7.
- 10.
Ibid.
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Ma, L. (2019). Negative Emotions. In: Christianity, Femininity and Social Change in Contemporary China. Palgrave Studies in Oral History. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31802-4_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31802-4_8
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