Abstract
Researcher believe that repeat and near-repeat phenomena can inform how police react to earlier crime in preventing the future crime in near space and time. The current research utilizes a modified Knox close-pair method with spatial-temporal referenced data of gun violence and firearm arrests in Houston. The study assesses police responses to repeat/near-repeat and independent shootings and compares their differences at various spatial and temporal intervals. These examinations and comparisons are carried out at a fine-grained spatial scales and temporal scales. Results show that compared to independent shootings, police response to repeat/near-repeat shootings is different in terms of response level and spatial-temporal contour.
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Notes
- 1.
Although study police response time to calls for service is a traditional line of research, “responsiveness” here does not mean how quickly police respond to a specific call for service, but how police respond to earlier increased general criminal activities or situations.
- 2.
Consider how police respond to calls for service. Timely on-scene response of a patrol unit will only be provided if the call is apparently serious. To noncritical calls for police service, alternative responses will be applied, such as 30 minute-delay on-scene response, telephone reporting and adjustment, walk-in reporting, and scheduled appointment response. These different responses illustrate how police agencies tend to more efficiently utilize resources through strategically and spatiotemporally arranging policing activities. For example, compared to an immediate on-scene response, either a 30-minute delayed (temporally lagged) response or an out-of-scene (spatially remote) response saves personnel resources. Police “response” to calls for service is different from police “response” to shootings as mentioned in the current work. Nevertheless, the two share a similar logic regarding the efficient distribution of police resources in space and time.
- 3.
Robberies by firearm are not included in shootings in our previous Houston study.
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Wu, L., Wells, W. (2020). Spatiotemporal Analysis of Shooting-Arrest Interaction in Houston. In: Thakur, R., Dutt, A., Thakur, S., Pomeroy, G. (eds) Urban and Regional Planning and Development. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31776-8_10
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