Abstract
The crack initiation and growth in single-edge notched unidirectional T800s/3900-2 carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRP) are studied under stress wave and quasi-static loading conditions. The reflection-mode Digital Gradient Sensing (or, r-DGS) is extended here to study fracture mechanics of fiber reinforced composites by using it in conjunction with ultrahigh-speed photography to perform full-field measurement of crack-tip deformations in the pre- and post-crack initiation regimes. The optical method is capable of measuring two orthogonal surface slopes in the crack-tip vicinity as angular deflections of light rays in two mutually perpendicular planes due to crack-tip deformations. The effect of fiber orientation of 0°–60° relative to the initial notch in different composite coupons and the effect of different loading rates are investigated. Nominally mode-I fracture occurs when the fiber orientation is 0° whereas mixed-mode (mode-I and -II) fracture ensues in others. The fiber bridging effects are quite evident in the energy release rate histories, which conveys that fracture behavior of CFRP with dynamic loading producing a weaker post-initiation response relative to the quasi-static counterparts.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
R.F. Gibson, A review of recent research on mechanics of multifunctional composite materials and stractures. Compos. Struct. 92, 2793–2810 (2010)
T. Pereira, Z. Guo, S. Nieh, J. Arias, H.T. Hahn, Energy storage structural composites: a review. J. Compos. Mater. 43, 549–560 (2009)
H.V. Tippur, S. Krishnaswamy, A.J. Rosakis, Optical mapping of crack tip deformations using the methods of transmission and reflection coherent gradient sensing: a study of crack tip K-dominance. Int. J. Fract. 52, 91–117 (1991)
C. Liu, A.J. Rosakis, M.G. Stout, Dynamic fracture toughness of a unidirectional graphite/epoxy composite, in Proceedings of the Symposium on “Dynamic Effects in Composite Structures”, (IMECE, New York, 2001)
C. Liu, A.J. Rosakis, R.W. Ellis, M.G. Stout, A study of the fracture behavior of unindirectional fiber- reinforced composite using coherent gradient sensing (CGS) interferometry. Int. J. Fract. 90, 355–382 (1998)
D. Lee, H. Tippur, P. Bogert, Quasi-static and dynamic fracture of graphite/epoxy composites: an optical study of loading-rate effects. Compos. Part B 41, 462–474 (2010)
D. Lee, H. Tippur, M. Kirugulige, Experimental study of dynamic crack growth in unidirectional graphite/epoxy composites using digital image correlation method and high-speed photography. J. Compos. Mater. 43, 2081–2108 (2009)
J.P. Isaac, H.V. Tippur, Quasi-static and dynamic fracture behaviors of additively printed ABS coupons studied using DIC: role of build architecture and loading rate. Mechan. Addit. Adv. Manuf. 8, 11–19 (2019)
C. Periasamy, H.V. Tippur, Full-field Digital Gradient Sensing method for evaluating stress gradients in transparent solids. Appl. Opt. 51(12), 2088–2097 (2012)
C. Periasamy, H.V. Tippur, A full-field reflection-mode Digital Gradient Sensing method for measuring orthogonal slopes and curvatures of thin structures. Meas. Sci. Technol. 24, 025202 (2013)
C. Miao, B.M. Sundaram, L. Huang, H.V. Tippur, Surface profile and stress field evaluation using Digital Gradient Sensing method. Meas. Sci. Technol. 27, 095203 (2016)
C. Miao, H.V. Tippur, Measurement of sub-micron deformations and stresses at microsecond intervals in laterally impacted composite plates using Digital Gradient Sensing. J. Dyn. Behav. Mater. 4, 336–358 (2018)
C. Miao, H.V. Tippur, Quantitative visualization of sub-micron deformations and stresses at sub-microsecond intervals in soda-lime glass plates. Dyn. Behav. Mater. 1, 315–321 (2019)
C. Miao, H.V. Tippur, Measurement of orthogonal surface gradients and reconstruction of surface topography from Digital Gradient Sensing method, in Advancement of Optical Methods in Experimental Mechanics, (Springer, Cham, 2017), pp. 203–206
C. Miao, H.V. Tippur, Higher sensitivity Digital Gradient Sensing configurations for quantitative visualization of stress gradients in transparent solids. Opt. Lasers Eng. 108, 54–67 (2018)
C. Miao, H.V. Tippur, Fracture behavior of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites: an optical study of loading rate effects. Eng. Fract. Mech. 207, 203–221 (2019)
Acknowledgement
Partial support of this research from the U.S. Army grants W31P4Q-14-C-0049, W911NF-16-1-0093 and W911NF-15-1-0357 (DURIP) are gratefully acknowledged. The authors are also grateful to Dr. Dongyeon Lee, Toray Composite Materials America, Inc., for providing the CFRP laminates studied in this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Miao, C., Tippur, H.V. (2020). Effect of Loading Rate on Fracture Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites. In: Silberstein, M., Amirkhizi, A., Shuman, X., Beese, A., Berke, R., Pataky, G. (eds) Challenges in Mechanics of Time Dependent Materials, Fracture, Fatigue, Failure and Damage Evolution, Volume 2. Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29986-6_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29986-6_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-29985-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-29986-6
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)