Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Genetic Diseases

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Feline Dermatology

  • 1262 Accesses

Abstract

Breed predispositions are documented for a variety of feline skin diseases, and there are diverse reports describing novel skin diseases where affected individuals within a litter had similar congenital skin changes. Both presentations increase the suspicion of a possible hereditary component to the identified skin disease. Recognized feline genodermatoses represent inherited skin disorders that follow a single-gene mode of inheritance (Leeb et al., Vet Dermatol 28:4–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcp.2012.04.004, 2017). These diseases are rare in their occurrence, but the number identified has the potential to increase, as available diagnostic tools for evaluating genetic diseases have advanced and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mapping of the feline genome has improved (Lyons, Mol Cell Probes. 26:224–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcp.2012.04.004, 2012; Mullikin et al., BMC Genomics. 11:406. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/11/406, 2010). This chapter will discuss some examples of feline genodermatoses that can affect the epidermis, the dermoepidermal junction, the hair follicles or hair shafts, the dermis, and pigmentation. Discussion about the genetics of feline coat color and coat length occurs in Chapter, Coat Color Genetics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Leeb T, Muller EJ, Roosje P, Welle M. Genetic testing in veterinary dermatology. Vet Dermatol. 2017;28:4–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.12309.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Lyons LA. Genetic testing in cats. Mol Cell Probes. 2012;26:224–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcp.2012.04.004.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Mullikin JC, Hansen NF, Shen L, Ewbling H, Donahue WF, Tao W, et al. Light whole genome sequence for SNP discovery across domestic cat breeds. BMC Genomics. 2010;11:406. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/11/406

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bond R, Curtis CF, Ferguson EA, Mason IS, Rest J. Idiopathic facial dermatitis of Persian cats. Vet Dermatol. 2000;11:35–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Powers HT. Newly recognized feline skin disease. Proceedings of the 14th AAVD/ACVD meeting. San Antonio; 1998. p. 17–20.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Gross TL, Ihrke PJ, Walder EJ, Affolter VK. Skin diseases of the dog and cat. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd; 2005. 114p.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  7. Chung TH, Ryu MH, Kim DY, Yoon HY, Hwang CY. Topical tacrolimus (FK506) for the treatment of feline idiopathic facial dermatitis. Aust Vet J. 2009;87:417–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.2009.00488.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Paradis M, Scott DW. Hereditary primary seborrhea oleosa in Persian cats. Feline Pract. 1990;18:17–20.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Miller WH, Griffen CE, Canmbell KL. Muller and Kirk’s small animal dermatology. 7th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2013. p. 576.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bergval K. FC-25: a novel ulcerative nasal dermatitis of Bengal cats. Vet Dermatol. 2004;15(Supp 1):28.

    Google Scholar 

  11. St A, Abramo F, Ficker C, McNabb S. P-36 Juvenile idiopathic nasal scaling in three Bengal cats. Vet Dermatol. 2004;15(Supp 1):52.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Medeiros GX, Riet-Correa F. Epidermolysis bullosa in animals: a review. Vet Dermatol. 2015;26:3–e2. https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.12176.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Johnstone I, Mason K, Sutton R. A hereditary junctional mechanobullous disease in the cat. Proceedings of the second world congress of veterinary dermatology association. Montreal; 1992:111–12.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Alhaidari Z, Olivry T, Spadafora A, Thomas RC, Perrin C, Meneguzzi, et al. Junctional epidermolysis bullosa in two domestic shorthair kittens. Vet Dermatol. 2006;16:69–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. White SD, Dunstan SM, Olivry T, Naydan DK, Richter K. Dystrophic (dermolytic) epidermolysis bullosa in a cat. Vet Dermatol. 1993;4:91–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Olivry T, Dunstan SM, Marinkovitch MP. Reduced anchoring fibril formation and collagen VII immunoreactivity in feline dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Vet Pathol. 1999;36:616–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Casal ML, Straumann U, Sigg C, Arnold S, Rusch P. Congenital hypotrichosis with thymic aplasia in nine Birman kittens. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1994;30:600–2.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Scott DW. Feline dermatology 1900–1978: a monograph. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1980;16:313.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Bourdeau P, Leonetti D, Maroille JM, Mialot M. Alopécie héréditaire généralisée féline. Rec Med Vet. 1988;164:17–24.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Thoday K. Skin diseases in the cat. In Pract. 1981;3:22–35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Abitbol M, Bossé P, Thomas A, Tiret L. A deletion in FOXN1 is associated with a syndrome characterized by congenital hypotrichosis and short life expectancy in Birman cats. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0120668. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120668.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Meclenberg L. An overview of congenital alopecia in domestic animals. Vet Dermatol. 2006;17:393–410.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Gandolfi B, Outerbridge CA, Beresford LG, Myers JA, Pimental M, Alhaddad H, et al. The naked truth: Sphynx and Devon Rex cat breed mutations in KRT71. Mamm Genome. 2010;21:509–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00335-010-9290-6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Genovese DW, Johnson T, Lam KE, Gram WD. Histological and dermatoscopic description of sphinx cat skin. Vet Dermatol. 2014;26:523–e90. https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.12162.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Gandolfi B, Alhaddad H, Affolter VK, Brockman J, Haggstrom J, Joslin SE, et al. To the root of the curl: a signature of a recent selective sweep identifies a mutation that defines the Cornish Rex cat breed. Palsson A, ed. PLoS One. 2013;8:e67105. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0067105.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Hendy-Ibbs PM. Hairless cats in Great Britain. J Hered. 1984;75:506–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Yager JA, Tl G, Shearer D, Rothstein E, Power H, Sinke JD, et al. Abnormal sebaceous gland differentiation in 10 kittens (‘sebaceous gland dysplasia’) associated with hypotrichosis and scaling. Vet Dermatol. 2014;23:136–e30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3164.2011.01029.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Mirmirani P, Samimi SS, Mostow E. Pili torti: clinical findings, associated disorders, and new insights into mechanisms of hair twisting. Cutis. 2009;84:143–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Maina E, Colombo S, Abramo F. Pasquinelli. A case of pili torti in a young adult domestic short-haired cat. Vet Dermatol. 2012;24:289–e68. https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.12004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Geary MR, Baker KP. The occurrence of pili torti in a litter of kittens in England. J Sm Anim Pract. 1986;27:85–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Wilkinson JT, Kristensen TS. A hair abnormality in Abyssinian cats. J Small Anim Pract. 1989;30:27–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Miller WH, Griffen CE, Canmbell KL. Muller and Kirk’s small animal dermatology. 7th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2013. p. 603.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Counts DF, Byer PH, Holbrook KA, Hegreberg GA. Dermatosparaxis in a Himalayan cat: I—biochemical studies of dermal collagen. J Investig Dermatol. 1980;74(2):96–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12519991.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Scott DW. Feline dermatology; introspective retrospections. J An Am Hosp Assoc. 1984;20:537.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Minor RR. Animal models of heritable diseases of the skin. In: Goldsmith EL editor. Biochemistry and physiology of skin. New York: Oxford University Press; 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Hansen N, Foster SF, Burrows AK, Mackie J, Malik R. Cutaneous asthenia (Ehlers-Danlos-like syndrome) of Burmese cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2015;17:945–63. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X15610683.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Freeman LJ, Hegreberg G, Robinette JD. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in dogs and cats. Semin Vet Med Surg. 1987;2(3):221–7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Sequeira JL, Rocha NS, Bandarra EP, Figueiredo LM, Eugenio FR. Collagen dysplasia (cutaneous asthenia) in a cat. Vet Pathol. 1199;36:603–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Alhaidari Z, Olivry T, Ortonne JP. Melanocytogenesis and melanogenesis: genetic regulation and comparative clinical diseases. Vet Dermatol. 1999;10:3–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Reissman M, Ludwig A. Pleiotropic effects of coat colour-associated mutations in humans, mice and other mammals. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2013;24:576–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Kaplan J, De Domenico I, McVey Ward D. Chediak-Higashi syndrome. Curr Opin Hematol. 2008;15:22–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOH.0b013e3282f2bcce.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Ryugo DK, Menotti-Raymond M. Feline deafness. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2012;42:1179–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Imes DL, Geary A, Grahn A, Lyons A. Albinism in the domestic cat (Felis Catus) is associated with a tyrosinase (TYR) mutation. Anim Genet. 2006;37:175–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01409.x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  44. Abitbol A, Boss P, Grimard B, Martignat L, Tiret L. Allelic heterogeneity of albinism in the domestic cat. Stichting International Foundation for Anim Genet. 2016;48:121–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/age.12503.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Vitale CB, Ihrke PJ, Olivry T, Stannard T. Feline urticarial pigmentosa in three related sphynx. Vet Dermatol. 1996;7:227–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Noli C, Colombo S, Abramo F, Scarampella F. Papular eosinophilic/mastocytic dermatitis (feline urticarial pigmentosa) in Devon Rex cats: a distinct disease entity or a histopathological reaction pattern. Vet Dermatol. 2004;15:253–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Woldenmeskel M, Merrill A, Brown C. Significance of cytological smear evaluation in diagnosis of splenic mast cell tumor-associated systemic mastocytosis in a cat (Felis catus). Can Vet J. 2017;58:293–5.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Lamm CC, Stern AW, Smith AJ. Disseminated cutaneous mast cell tumors with epitheliotropism and systemic mastocytosis in a domestic cat. J Vet Diagn Investig. 2009;21:710–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Ngo J, Morren MA, Bodemer C, Heimann M, Fontaine J. Feline maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis: a retrospective study of 13 cases and proposal for a new classification. J Feline Med Surg. 2018;21:394. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X18776141.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Colombo S, Scarampella F, Ordeix L, Roccoblanca P. Dermatophytosis and papular eosinophilic/mastocytic dermatitis (urticarial pigmentosa-like dermatitis) in three Devon Rex cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2012;14:498–502.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Jacobsen JO, Eggers C. Primary lymphoedema in a kitten. J Small Anim Pract. 1997;38:18–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA

    Catherine Outerbridge

Authors
  1. Catherine Outerbridge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Catherine Outerbridge .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Servizi Dermatologici Veterinari, Peveragno, Italy

    Chiara Noli

  2. Servizi Dermatologici Veterinari, Legnano, Italy

    Silvia Colombo

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Outerbridge, C. (2020). Genetic Diseases. In: Noli, C., Colombo, S. (eds) Feline Dermatology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29836-4_28

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation