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Growth and Allocation

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Book cover Plant Physiological Ecology

Abstract

Plant growth results from interactions among all the processes discussed in Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, and 9. On the other hand, growth rate may control these physiological processes through its effect on plant demands for carbon, water, and nutrients, as discussed in the preceding chapters. What exactly do we mean by plant growth? Growth is the increment in dry mass, volume, length, or area that results from the division, expansion, and differentiation of cells. Increment in dry mass may not coincide with changes in each of these components of growth. For example, leaves often expand and roots elongate at night, when the entire plant is decreasing in dry mass, because of carbon use in respiration. On the other hand, a tuber may gain dry mass without concomitant change in volume, as starch accumulates. Discussion of ‘growth’, therefore, requires careful attention to context and the role of different processes at different times. For example, cell divisions often initiate growth, but cell division by itself is insufficient to cause growth. In addition, growth requires cell elongation and the deposition of mass in the cytoplasm and cell walls, which determines the increment in volume or mass. To appreciate ecophysiological aspects of plant growth, we must understand its cellular basis. Although this is a fascinating and rapidly moving field, many questions remain unanswered, as we will reveal in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia

    Hans Lambers

  2. Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil

    Rafael S. Oliveira

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  1. Hans Lambers
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  2. Rafael S. Oliveira
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Lambers, H., Oliveira, R.S. (2019). Growth and Allocation. In: Plant Physiological Ecology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29639-1_10

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