Skip to main content

Collocation for Supplier–Client Knowledge-Based Coordination: Niche Positioning, Task Complexity, and Comparative Costs

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Design and Management of Interfirm Networks

Part of the book series: Contributions to Management Science ((MANAGEMENT SC.))

  • 531 Accesses

Abstract

We examine how clients and suppliers govern vertical relationships for knowledge work. Collocation—having supplier personnel interact with the client’s personnel and systems at the client’s site—is a contractual mechanism that facilitates coordination for knowledge co-creation. Using a sample of 1609 credit unions’ relationships with 50 IT suppliers during the rise of Internet-based banking from 2000 to 2004, we examine the initial development of arrangements for online share account and loan processing. Results show that client positioning and task complexity partially determined the choice of collocation vis-a-vis a supplier delivering standard services from a remote location. However, as broadband communications reduced the costs of remote service, clients moved away from collocation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • ABA Banking Journal (2013) Negotiating tech contracts. http://www.ababj.com/community-banking/item/1994-workbook-negotiating-tech-contracts 13 November, 2018. Published March 8, 2013

  • Adams P, Fontana R, Malerba F (2015) User-industry spinouts: downstream industry knowledge as a source of new firm entry and survival. Organ Sci 27:18–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Ambrose E, Marshall D, Fynes B, Lynch D (2008) Communication media selection in buyer-supplier relationships. Int J Oper Prod Man 28:360–379

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andres HP (2002) A comparison of face-to-face and virtual software development teams. Team Perform Manag 8(1/2):39–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ang S, Straub DW (1998) Production and transaction economies and IS outsourcing: a study of the U.S. banking industry. MIS Quart 22:535–552

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Argote L, Ingram P (2000) Knowledge transfer in organizations: a basis for competitive advantage in firms. Organ Behav Hum Dec 82:150–169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Argyres N, Bigelow L (2010) Innovation, modularity, and vertical deintegration: evidence from the early US auto industry. Organ Sci 21:842–853

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Argyres NS, Mayer KJ (2007) Contract design as a firm capability: an integration of learning and transaction cost perspectives. Acad Manag Rev 32:1060–1077

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bajari P, Tadelis S (2001) Incentives versus transaction costs: a theory of procurement contracts. Rand J Econ 32:387–407

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baker WE, Faulkner RR (1991) Strategies for managing suppliers of professional services. Calif Manag Rev 33:33–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barras R (1990) Interactive innovation in financial and business services: the vanguard of the service revolution. Res Policy 19:215–237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barzel Y (1982) Measurement cost and the organization of markets. J Law Econ 25:27–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bettencourt LA, Ostrom AL, Brown SW, Roundtree RI (2002) Client co-production in knowledge-intensive business services. Calif Manag Rev 44:100–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chuma H (2006) Increasing complexity and limits of organization in the microlithography industry: implications for science-based industries. Res Policy 35:394–411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark JR, Huckman RS, Staats BR (2013) Learning from customers: individual and organizational effects in outsourced radiological services. Organ Sci 24:1539–1557

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Combs JG, Ketchen DJ (1999) Explaining interfirm cooperation and performance: toward a reconciliation of predictions from the resource-based view and organizational economics. Strateg Manage J 20:867–888

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper AC, Willard GE, Woo CY (1986) Strategies of high performing new and small firms: a reexamination of the niche concept. J Bus Venturing 1:247–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Daft RL, Lengel RH (1984) Information richness: a new approach to manage information processing and organizational design. Res Org Behav 6:191–233

    Google Scholar 

  • Daft RL, Lengel RH (1986) Organizational information requirements, media richness and structural design. Manag Sci 32:554–571

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davenport TH, Jarvenpaa SL, Beers MC (1996) Improving knowledge work processes. Sloan Manag Rev 37:52–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Den Hertog P (2000) Knowledge-intensive business services as co-producers of innovation. Intl J Innov Manag 4:491–528

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DosSantos BL, Pfeffers K (1995) Rewards to investors in innovative information technology applications: first movers and early followers in ATMs. Organ Sci 6:214–259

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyer JH, Hatch NW (2006) Relationship-specific capabilities and barriers to knowledge transfers: creating advantage through network relationships. Strateg Manage J 27:701–719

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dyer JH, Singh H (1998) The relational view: cooperative strategy and sources of inter-organizational competitive advantage. Acad Manag Rev 23:660–679

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elfenbein DW, Zenger TR (2013) What is a relationship worth? Repeated exchange and the development and deployment of relational capital. Organ Sci 25:222–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Emmons W, Schmid FA (2000) Bank competition and concentration: do credit unions matter? Econ Rev Fed Reserve Bank St Louis 82:29–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Ethiraj SK, Kale P, Krishnan MS, Singh JV (2005) Where do capabilities come from and how do they matter? A study in the software services industry. Strateg Manage J 26:25–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ethiraj SK, Ramasubbu N, Krishnan MS (2012) Does complexity deter customer-focus? Strateg Manage J 33:137–161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fichman RG, Kemerer CF (1997) The assimilation of software process innovations: an organizational learning perspective. Manag Sci 43:1345–1363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grant RM (1996) Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm. Strateg Manage J 17:109–122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gronroos C, Voima P (2012) Critical service logic: making sense of value creation and co-creation. J Acad Market Sci 41:133–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gulati R, Singh H (1998) The architecture of cooperation: managing coordination costs and appropriation concerns in strategic alliances. Admin Sci Quart 43:781–814

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gulati R, Lawrence PR, Puranam P (2005) Adaptation in vertical relationships: beyond incentive conflict. Strateg Manage J 26:415–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hatch NW, Dyer JH (2004) Human capital and learning as a source of sustainable competitive advantage. Strateg Manage J 25:1155–1178

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heide JB, Kumar A, Wathne KH (2014) Concurrent sourcing, governance mechanisms, and performance outcomes in industrial value chains. Strateg Manage J 35:1165–1185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoetker G (2006) Do modular products lead to modular architecture? Strateg Manage J 27:501–518

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inkpen AC, Tsang EW (2007) Learning and strategic alliances. The Acad Manag Ann 1:479–511

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobides MG, Hitt LM (2005) Losing sight of the forest for the trees? Productive capabilities and gains from trade as drivers of vertical scope. Strateg Manage J 26:1209–1227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobides MG, Winter SG (2005) The co-evolution of capabilities and transaction costs: explaining the institutional structure of production. Strateg Manage J 26:395–413

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jolak R, Wortmann A, Chaudron M, Rumpe B (2018) Does distance still matter: insights from revisiting collaborative distributed software design. IEEE Softw 35:40–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kale P, Singh H, Perlmutter H (2000) Learning and protection of proprietary assets in strategic alliances: building relational capital. Strateg Manage J 21:217–237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karis D, Wildman D, Mané A (2016) Improving remote collaboration with video conferencing and video portals. Hum Comput Interact 31:1–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kauffman SA (1995) At home in the universe: the search for the laws of self-organization and complexity. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim SM, Mahoney JT (2006) Mutual commitment to support exchange: relation-specific IT system as a substitute for managerial hierarchy. Strateg Manage J 27:401–423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knoben J, Oerlemans LAG (2006) Proximity and inter-organizational collaboration: a literature review. Int J Manage Rev 8:71–89

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kogut B, Zander U (1992) Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology. Organ Sci 3:383–397

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kohtamaki M, Partanen J (2016) Co-creating value from knowledge-intensive business services in manufacturing firms: the moderating role of relationship learning in supplier-customer interactions. J Bus Res 69:2498–2506

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lacity MC, Willcocks LP (1998) An empirical investigation of information technology sourcing practices: lessons from experience. MIS Q 22:363–408

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larsson R, Bowen DE (1989) Organization and customer: managing design and coordination of services. Acad Manag Rev 14:213–233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lavie D (2006) The competitive advantage of interconnected firms: an extension of the resource-based view. Acad Manag Rev 31:638–658

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levina N, Ross JW (2003) From the supplier’s perspective: exploring the value proposition in information technology outsourcing. MIS Q 27:331–364

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lumineau F, Oliveira N (2016) A pluralistic perspective to overcome major blind spots in research on inter-organizational relationships. Acad Manag Ann 12:440–465

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MacDuffie JP (1997) The road to ‘root cause’: shop floor problem-solving at three auto assembly plants. Manag Sci 43:479–502

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Macher JT (2006) Technological development and the boundaries of the firm: a knowledge-based examination of semiconductor manufacturing. Manag Sci 52:826–843

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Macher JT, Boerner C (2012) Technological development at the boundaries of the firm: a knowledge-based examination in drug development. Strateg Manage J 33:1016–1036

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahr D, Lievens A, Blazevic V (2013) The value of customer cocreated knowledge during the innovation process. J Prod Innovat Manag 31:599–615

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malikov E, Restrepo-Tobón DA, Kumbhakar SC (2018) Heterogeneous credit union production technologies with endogenous switching and correlated effects. Economet Rev 37:1095–1119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer KJ (2006) Spillovers and governance: an analysis of knowledge and reputational spillovers in information technology. Acad Manag J 49:69–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer KJ, Bercovitz J (2008) The influence of inertia on contract design: contingency planning in information technology service contracts. Manag Decis Econ 29:149–163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer KJ, Nickerson JA (2005) Antecedents and performance consequences of contracting for knowledge workers: evidence from information technology services. Organ Sci 16:225–242

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer KJ, Salomon RM (2006) Capabilities, contractual hazards, and governance: integrating resource-based and transaction cost perspectives. Acad Manag J 49:942–959

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayer KJ, Somaya D, Williamson IO (2012) Firm-specific, industry-specific, and occupational human capital and the sourcing of knowledge work. Organ Sci 23(5):1311–1329

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mesquita LF, Anand J, Brush TH (2008) Comparing the resource-based and relational views: knowledge transfer and spillovers in vertical inter-organizational relationships. Strateg Manage J 29:913–941

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nickerson JA, Zenger TR (2004) A knowledge-based theory of the firm – the problem solving perspective. Organ Sci 15:617–632

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nickerson JA, Hamilton BH, Wada T (2001) Market position, resource profile, and governance: linking Porter and Williamson in the context of international courier and small package services in Japan. Strateg Manage J 22:251–273

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ono Y, Stango V (2005) Outsourcing, firm size, and product complexity: evidence from credit unions. Econ Perspect 29:2–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Oxley JE, Sampson RC (2004) The scope and governance of international R&D alliances. Strateg Manage J 25:723–749

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parmigiani A (2007) Why do firms both make and buy? An investigation of concurrent sourcing. Strateg Manage J 28:285–311

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parmigiani A, Mitchell W (2009) Interdependence, capabilities, and the boundaries of the firm: the impact of within-firm and interfirm expertise on concurrent sourcing of complementary components. Strateg Manage J 30:1065–1091

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parmigiani A, Rivera-Santos M (2011) Clearing a path through the forest: a meta-review of interorganizational relationships. J Manage 37:1108–1136

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips LW, Chang DR, Buzzell RD (1983) Product quality, cost position, and business performance: a test of some key hypotheses. J Marketing April:26–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poppo L, Zenger TR (1998) Testing alternative theories of the firm: transaction cost, knowledge-based, and measurement explanations or make-or-buy decisions in information services. Strateg Manage J 19:853–877

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porter ME (1980) Competitive strategy. Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Puranam P, Gulati R, Bhattacharya S (2013) How much to make and how much to buy? An analysis of optimal plural sourcing strategies. Strateg Manage J 34:1145–1161

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rafii F (1995) How important is physical collocation to product development success? Bus Horiz 38:78–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ragatz GL, Handfield RB, Scannell TV (1997) Success factors for integrating suppliers into new product development. J Prod Innovat Manag 14:190–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Santos JB, Spring M (2015) Are knowledge intensive business services really co-produced? Overcoming lack of customer participation in KIBS. Ind Market Manag 50:85–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schilling MA, Steensma HK (2002) Disentangling the theories of firm boundaries: a path model and empirical test. Organ Sci 13:387–401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schulze J, Krumm S (2017) The ‘virtual team player’: a review and initial model of knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics for virtual collaboration. Organ Psychol Rev 7:66–95

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheshunoff A (2000) Internet banking—an update from the front lines. ABA Bank J:51–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Simester D, Knez M (2002) Direct and indirect bargaining costs and the scope of the firm. J Bus 75:283–304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart J (2013) Bankers hiring hagglers to negotiate IT contracts. American Banker. http://www.americanbanker.com/issues/178_99/bankers-hiring-hagglers-to-negotiate-it-contracts-1059329-1.html. Accessed 29 May 2019

  • Tampa Bay Times (2011) Surprise: credit unions can take car, boat, RV if you walk out on unsecured loans. Accessed at http://www.tampabay.com 13 November 2018. Published 10 December 2011

  • Teece DJ (1986) Profiting from technological innovation: implications for integration, collaboration, licensing, and public policy. Res Policy 15:285–306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson J (1967) Organizations in action: social science bases of administrative theory. McGraw-Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiwana A, Bush AA (2007) A comparison of transaction cost, agency, and knowledge-based predictors of IT outsourcing decisions: a U.S.-Japan cross-cultural field study. J Manage Inform Syst 24:259–300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • US Department of the Treasury (2001) Comparing credit unions with other depository institutions, Washington DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Vickery SK, Droge C, Stank TP, Goldsby TJ, Markland RE (2004) The performance implications of media richness in a business-to-business service environment: direct versus indirect effects. Manag Sci 50:1106–1119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walker G, Weber D (1984) A transaction cost approach to make-or-buy decisions. Admin Sci Quart 29:373–391

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weigelt C, Miller DJ (2013) Implications of internal organization structure for firm boundaries. Strateg Manage J 34:1411–1434

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weigelt C, Sarkar MB (2009) Learning from supply-side agents: the impact of technology solution providers’ experiential diversity on clients’ innovation adoption. Acad Manag J 52:37–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wheelock DC, Wilson PW (2013) The evolution of cost-productivity and efficiency among US credit unions. J Bank Financ 37:75–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williamson OE (1991) Comparative economic organization: the analysis of discrete structural alternatives. Admin Sci Quart 36:269–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson DT (2000) Deep relationships: the case of the vanishing salesperson. J Pers Sell Sales Manag 20:53–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Zajac EG, Olsen CP (1993) From transaction cost to transactional value analysis: implications for the study of inter-organizational strategies. J Manage Stud 30:131–145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zander I, Zander U (2005) The inside track: on the important (but neglected) role of customers in the resource-based view of strategy and firm growth. J Manage Stud 42:1519–1548

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Douglas J. Miller .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Miller, D.J., Weigelt, C. (2019). Collocation for Supplier–Client Knowledge-Based Coordination: Niche Positioning, Task Complexity, and Comparative Costs. In: Windsperger, J., Cliquet, G., Hendrikse, G., Srećković, M. (eds) Design and Management of Interfirm Networks. Contributions to Management Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29245-4_14

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics