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Introduction

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Physical-Layer Security and Quantum Key Distribution

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Abstract

In this chapter, the basic concepts of both physical-layer security (PLS) and quantum-key distribution (QKD) are introduced. The chapter starts with the role of PLS , following by a brief overview of conventional key-based cryptographic systems. The concept of information-theoretic security is introduced next, and the perfect secrecy condition is described. The computational security is described as a special case of information-theoretic security in which several relaxations are introduced. The concepts of strong and weak secrecy are then introduced. Further, the degraded wiretap channel model, introduced by Wyner, is described, and corresponding wiretap channel codes are defined. After that, the broadcast channel with confidential messages , introduced by Csiszár and Körner, is described then, together with corresponding stochastic code. The last topic in PLS section is devoted to the secret-key agreement protocol. The QKD section describes first how to break the RSA protocol with the help of Shor’s factorization algorithm, followed by the brief description of foundations for both discrete variable (DV) and continuous variable (CV) QKD schemes. The key limitations of DV-QKD schemes are identified. Various QKD protocols are placed into three generic categories: device-dependent QKD , source-device-independent QKD , and measurement-device-independent (MDI) QKD . Further, the definition of the secrecy fraction for QKD protocols is provided, following by the brief description of individual (incoherent) and collective attacks , and explanation of how to calculate the corresponding secrecy fractions. In section on the organization of the book, the detailed description of the content of the chapters is provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

    Ivan B. Djordjevic

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  1. Ivan B. Djordjevic
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Correspondence to Ivan B. Djordjevic .

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Djordjevic, I.B. (2019). Introduction. In: Physical-Layer Security and Quantum Key Distribution . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27565-5_1

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