Abstract
Nanotechnology is considered as a new generation of technology, which might have a revolutionary impact on economies through new consumer products, manufacturing methods, and material usage. Increasing studies showed the toxicity of different metal-based nanoparticles, which raises concerns over their fate and transport in the environment. The aim of this study was to improve understanding on the long-term interactions of nanomaterial with natural and undisturbed soil during land application of nanomaterial-contaminated sludge, to identify factors which affect their transport and mobility and identify issues and challenges.
Scientific databases were reviewed and different combinations of keywords were used. The major finding of this study included the effects of various properties, like pH, ionic strength, natural organic matter content, surface coating, size and aggregation of nanoparticles, sand/soil characteristics, and column flow characteristics on the fate and transport of nanomaterials. These included variability in particle size and concentration, water chemistry (i.e., electrolyte species, ionic strength, and pH), flow velocity, and choice of collector surface. These findings were expected to improve fundamental understanding on fate and transport of nanomaterials in porous medium. It aimed to provide information on extents of retention of nanomaterials and associated ions in porous medium and the factors that regulate the deposition of these nanoparticles. It also intended to understand the effect of the presence of nanomaterials on the fate of ions associated with other nanomaterials and its implications. All these data were necessary to comprehend the long-term release and interaction dynamics of nanomaterials in the soil along with their chemical modification and transformation predicting their fate and transport in the soil media.
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- APU:
-
Amphiphilic polyurethane nanoparticles
- CuO NPs:
-
Copper oxide nanoparticles
- DLVO:
-
Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek
- NOM:
-
Natural organic matter
- nZVI:
-
Nano-zerovalent iron
- OECD:
-
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- TiO2 :
-
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles
- ZnO NPs:
-
Zinc oxide nanoparticles
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Acknowledgment
The authors would like to thank the Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT), Delhi, for providing all facilities and financial assistance to carry out this work.
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Piplai, T., Parsai, T., Kumar, A., Alappat, B.J. (2020). Understanding Interactions of Nanomaterials with Soil: Issues and Challenges Ahead. In: Dasgupta, N., Ranjan, S., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Environmental Nanotechnology Volume 3. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 27. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26672-1_4
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