Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Evidence for Nutrition Counseling in the Care of Patients with Obesity

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Quality in Obesity Treatment

  • 584 Accesses

Abstract

Prevalence of obesity and related comorbidities is well documented with data showing a continuation in trends. As compared to other diseases, effective therapies for the treatment of obesity are limited. Currently, diet and lifestyle interventions are the foundation of all therapies and commonly recommended as the initial therapy for individuals who are overweight or who suffer from obesity. However, diet and lifestyle interventions alone may not be effective, in which case pharmacotherapy and/or weight loss surgery, combined with diet and lifestyle counseling, may be indicated. Since obesity is a complex disease with multiple etiologies including factors such as food choices, meal timing, and nutritional intake, nutrition counseling is an important component of all obesity therapies. It is the goal of this chapter to outline the evidence for nutrition counseling in treating obesity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Kushner RF, Kahan S. Introduction: the state of obesity in 2017. Med Clin North Am. 2018;102(1):1–11.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Micha R, Peñalvo JL, Frederick C, Imamura F, Rehm CD, Mozaffarian D. Association between dietary factors and mortality from heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes in the United States. JAMA. 2017;317(9):913.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, Ard JD, Comuzzie AG, Donato KA, Hu FB, Hubbard VS, Jakicic JM, Kushner RF, Loria CM, Millen BE, Nonas CA, Pi-Sunyer FX, Stevens J, Stevens VJ, Wadden TA, Wolfe BM, Yanovski SZ. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines and the Obesity Society. Obesity. 2014;22(S2):S1–S410.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report. www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-pro/guidelines/archive/clinical-guidelines-obesity-adults-evidence-report. 1998.

  5. Center for Disease Control: Obesity, Causes and Consequences: https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes.html. Accessed 1/30/18.

  6. Pool AC, Kraschnewski JL, Cover LA, Lehman EB, Stuckey HL, Hwang KO, Pollak KI, Sciamanna CN. The impact of physician weight discussion on weight loss in US adults. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2014;8(2):131–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ahmed NU, Delgado M, Saxena A. Trends and disparities in the prevalence of physicians’ counseling on diet and nutrition among the U.S. adult population, 2000–2011. Prev Med. 2016;89:70–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Long BJ, Calfas KJ, Wooten W. A multisite field test of the acceptability of physical activity counseling in primary care: project PACE. Am J Prev Med. 1996;12:73–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Mullen PD, Evans D, Forster J. Settings as an important dimension in health education/promotion policy, programs, and research. Health Educ Q. 1995;22:329–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Thande NK, Hurstak EE, Sciacca RE, Giardina EG. Management of obesity: a challenge for medical training and practice. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009;17(1):107–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Kolasa KM, Rickett K. Barriers to providing nutrition counseling cited by physicians: a survey of primary care practitioners. Nutr Clin Pract. 2010;25(5):502–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Katz DL, Friedman RSC, Lucan SC. Nutrition in clinical practice: a comprehensive, evidenced based manual for the practitioner. 3rd ed. Models of behavior modification for diet and activity patterns and weight management (chapter 46). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2015. p. 587–606.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Bleich SN, Bandara S, Bennett W, Cooper LA, Gudzune KA. Enhancing the role of nutrition professionals in weight management: a cross-sectional survey. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015;23(2):454–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Stelmach-Mardas M, Mardas M, Warchoł W, Jamka M, Walkowiak J. Successful maintenance of body weight reduction after individualized dietary counseling in obese subjects. Sci Rep. 2014;14(4):6620.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Gudzune K. Dietary and behavioral approaches in the management of obesity. Gastroenterol Clin N Am. 2016;45(4):653–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Bratcher CR, Bellow E. Traditional or centralized models of diabetes care: the multidisciplinary diabetes team approach. J Fam Pract. 2011;60:S6–S11.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Houle SK, Chatterley T, Tsuyuki RT. Multidisciplinary approaches to the management of high blood pressure. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2014;29:344–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Garg T, Birge K, Rosas U, Azagury D, Rivas H, Morton JM. A postoperative nutritional consult improves bariatric surgery outcomes. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016;12(5):1052–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Fried M, Yumuk V, Oppert JM, Scopinaro N, Torres A, Weiner R, Yashkov Y, Frühbeck G. Interdisciplinary European guidelines on metabolic and bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2014;24(1):42–55.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Tapsell LC, Lonergan M, Batterham MJ, Neale EP, Martin A, Thorne R, Deane F, Peoples G. Effect of interdisciplinary care on weight loss: a randomized controlled trial. BMJ Open. 2017;13(7):014533.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Flegal KM, Kruszon-Moran D, Carroll MD, Fryar CD, Ogden CL. Trends in obesity among adults in the United States, 2005 to 2014. JAMA. 2016;315(21):2284–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. US Preventative Services Task Force: Behavioral Counseling Interventions: An Evidence-based Approach: https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Name/behavioral-counseling-interventions-an-evidence-based-approach. Accessed 1/30/18.

  23. Kushner RF. Providing nutritional care in the office practice. Med Clin N Am. 2016;100(6):1157–68.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Arena R, Lavie CJ. The healthy lifestyle team is central to the success of accountable care organizations. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015;90:572–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Manderscheid R, Kathol R. Fostering sustainable, integrated medical and behavioral health services in medical settings. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160:61–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Mitchell LJ, Ball LE, Ross LJ, Barnes KA, Williams LT. Effectiveness of dietetic consultations in primary health care: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2017;117(12):1941–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Raynor HA, Champagne CM. Position paper of the academy of nutrition and dietetics: interventions for the treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. J Am Diet Assoc. 2016;116:129–47.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Melanson KJ, Dell’Olio J, Carpenter MR, Angelopoulos TJ. Changes in multiple health outcomes at 12 and 24 weeks resulting from 12 weeks of exercise counseling with or without dietary counseling in obese adults. Nutrition. 2004;20(10):849–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Raatz SK, Wimmer JK, Kwong CA, Sibley SD. Intensive diet instruction by registered dietitians improves weight-loss success. J Am Diet Assoc. 2008;108(1):110–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Tol J, Swinkels IC, de Bakker DH, Seidell J, Veenhof C. Dietetic treatment lowers body mass index in overweight patients: an observational study in primary health care. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2014;27(5):426–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Welty FK, Nasca MM, Lew NS, Gregoire S, Ruan Y. Effect of onsite dietitian counseling on weight loss and lipid levels in an outpatient physician office. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100(1):73–5.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  32. Parker AR, Byham-Gray L, Denmark R, Winkle PJ. The effect of medical nutrition therapy by a registered dietitian nutritionist in patients with prediabetes participating in a randomized controlled clinical research trial. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014;114(11):1739–48.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Sun Y, You W, Almeida F, Estabrooks P, Davy B. The effectiveness and cost of lifestyle interventions including nutrition education for diabetes prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2017;117(3):404–421.e36.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Axten K, Hawkins K, Tybor DJ, Bernoff J, Altman W. Impact of a novel wellness group visit model on obesity and behavior change. J Am Board Fam Med. 2017;30(6):715–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Decision Memo for Intensive Behavioral Therapy for Obesity (CAG-00423N). November 29, 2011. https://www.cms.gov/medicare-coverage-database/details/nca-decision-memo.aspx?NCAId=253.

  36. Meeting the need for obesity treatment: a toolkit for the RD/PCP partnership. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2012. http://www.eatrightpro.org/~/media/eatrightpro%20files/practice/patient%20care/medical%20nutrition%20therapy/meeting%20the%20need%20for%20obesity%20treatm ent%20pdf.ashx.

  37. EAL: In Academy of nutrition and dietetics evidence analysis library adult weight management. https://www.andeal.org/topic.cfm?menu=5276&cat=4688. Accessed 3/3/2018.

  38. Al Hourani H, Atoum M, Alboqai O, Ismail LC, Al Dhaheri A, Hijjawi N. Effectiveness of dietary intervention for obese women in Jordan. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2009;60(3):76–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Dengel DR, Kelly AS, Olson TP, Kaiser DR, Dengel JL, Bank AJ. Effects of weight loss on insulin sensitivity and arterial stiffness in overweight adults. Metabolism. 2006;55:907–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Digenio AG, Mancuso JP, Gerber RA, Dvorak RV. Comparison of methods for delivering a lifestyle modification program for obese patients: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(4):255–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Eilat-Adar S, Eldar M, Goldbourt U. Association of intentional changes in body weight with coronary heart disease event rates in overweight subjects who have an additional coronary risk factor. Am J Epidemiol. 2005;161:352–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Ashley JM, Herzog H, Clodfelter S, Bovee V, Schrage J, Pritsos C. Nutrient adequacy during weight loss interventions: a randomized study in women comparing the dietary intake in a meal replacement group with a traditional food group. Nutr J. 2007;6:12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  43. Holm RP, Taussig MT, Carlton E. Behavioral modification in a weight-reduction program. J Am Diet Assoc. 1983;83(2):170–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Melin I, Karlstrom B, Lappalainen R, Berglund L, Mohsen R, Vessby B. A programme of behaviour modification and nutrition counselling in the treatment of obesity: a randomized 2-y clinical trial. Int J Obes. 2003;27:1127–35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Willaing I, Ladelund S, Jorgensen T, Simonsen T, Nielsen LM. Nutritional counselling in primary health care: a randomized comparison of an intervention by general practitioner or dietician. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2004;11:513–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. NPC 101. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Available from: https://www.eatrightpro.org/practice/practice-resources/nutrition-care-process/ncp-101. Accesses 3/11/2018.

  47. Decker GA, Swain JM, Crowell MD, et al. Gastrointestinal and nutritional complications after bariatric surgery. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:2571–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Bauman WA, Shaw S, Jayatilleke E, Spungen AM, Herbert V. Increased intake of calcium reverses vitamin B12 malabsorption induced by metformin. Diabetes Care. 2000;23(9):1227–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Vimaleswaran KS, et al. Causal relationship between obesity and vitamin D Status: Bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis of multiple cohorts. PLoS Med. 2013;10:e1001383.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  50. Sacks FM, Bray GA, Carey VJ, Smith SR, Ryan DH, Anton SD, McManus K, Champagne CM, Bishop LM, Laranjo N, Leboff MS, Rood JC, de Jonge L, Greenway FL, Loria CM, Obarzanek E, Williamson DA. Comparison of weight-loss diets with different compositions of fat, protein, and carbohydrates. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(9):859–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  51. Gardner CD, Trepanowski JF, Del Gobbo LC, Hauser ME, Rigdon J, Ioannidis JPA, Desai M, King AC. Effect of low-fat vs low-carbohydrate diet on 12-month weight loss in overweight adults and the association with genotype pattern or insulin secretion: the DIETFITS randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018;319(7):667–79.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  52. Lichtenstein AH, Appel LJ, Brands M, Carnethon M, Daniels S, Franch HA, Franklin B, Kris-Etherton P, Harris WS, Howard B, Karanja N, Lefevre M, Rudel L, Sacks F, Van Horn L, Winston M, Wylie-Rosett J. Diet and lifestyle recommendations revision 2006: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee. Circulation. 2006;114:82–96. [Erratum, Circulation 2006;114(1):e27, 114(23):e629

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. de Souza RJ, Swain JF, Appel LJ, Sacks FM. Alternatives for macronutrient intake and chronic disease: a comparison of the OmniHeart diets with popular diets and with dietary recommendations. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;88:1–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Gardner CD. Tailoring dietary approaches to weight loss. IJO. 2012;2:s11–5.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Apovian CM, Aronne LJ, Bessesen DH, McDonnell ME, Murad MH, Pagotto U, Ryan DH, Still CD. Pharmacological management of obesity: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(2):342–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Wadden TA, Foreyt JP, Foster GD, Hill JO, Klein S, O'Neil PM, Perri MG, Pi-Sunyer FX, Rock CL, Erickson JS, Maier HN, Kim DD, Dunayevich E. Weight loss with naltrexone, SR/bupropion SR combination therapy as an adjunct to behavior modification: the COR-BMOD trial. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011;19:110–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Wadden TA, Berkowitz RI, Womble LG, Sarwer DB, Phelan S, Cato RK, Hesson LA, Osei SY, Kaplan R, Stunkard AJ. Randomized trial of lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy for obesity. N Engl J Med. 2005;353:2111–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Sjöström L. Review of the key results from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) trial – a prospective controlled intervention study of bariatric surgery. J Intern Med. 2013;273(3):219–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Kushner RF, Sorensen KW. Prevention of weight regain following bariatric surgery. Curr Obes Rep. 2015;4(2):198–206.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Sjöström L, Lindroos AK, Peltonen M, Torgerson J, Bouchard C, Carlsson B, Dahlgren S, Larsson B, Narbro K, Sjöström CD, Sullivan M, Wedel H. Lifestyle, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors 10 years after bariatric surgery. Swedish obese subjects study scientific group. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(26):2683–93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Mechanick JI, Youdim A, Jones DB, Timothy Garvey W, Hurley DL, Molly McMahon M, Heinberg LJ, Kushner R, Adams TD, Shikora S, Dixon JB, Brethauer S. Clinical practice guidelines for the perioperative nutritional, metabolic, and nonsurgical support of the bariatric surgery patient – 2013 update: cosponsored by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, the Obesity Society, and American Society for Metabolic & bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2013;9(2):159–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Parrott J, Frank L, Rabena R, Craggs-Dino L, Isom KA, Greiman L. American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Integrated Health Nutritional Guidelines for the surgical weight loss patient 2016. Update: micronutrient. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2017;13(5):727–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. American College of Surgeons and the American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. MBSAQIP Standards Manual v2.0: Resources for optimal care of the metabolic and bariatric surgery patient. 2016. https://www.facs.org/~/media/files/quality%20programs/bariatric/mbsaqip%20standardsmanual.ashx. Accessed 3/11/2018.

  64. Camilleri M. Peripheral mechanisms in appetite regulation. Gastroenterology. 2015;148(6):1219–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Cummings S, Isom K, editors. Pocket guide to bariatric surgery. 2nd ed. Chicago: Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Diabetes Association; 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Endevelt R, Ben-Assuli O, Klain E, Zelber-Sagi S. The role of the dietician follow-up in the success of bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2013;9(6):963–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Cummings S. Nutrition managment pre- and post-surgery. In: Kushner R, Stills C, editors. Nutrition and bariatric surgery, nutrition management pre- and post-surgery. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Steinberg DM, Bennett GG, Askew S, Tate DF. Weighing everyday matters: daily weighing improves weight loss and adoption of weight control behaviors. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2015;115(4):511–8.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  69. Devkota S, Layman DK. Protein metabolic roles in treatment of obesity. Curr Opin Clin Nutri Metab Care. 2010;13:403–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Moize V, Andreu A, Flores L, Torres F, Ibarzabal A, Delgado S, Lacy A, Rodriguez L, Vidal J. Long-term dietary intake and nutritional deficiencies following sleeve gastrectomy or roux en Y gastric bypass in a Mediterranean population. Acad Nutr Diet. 2013;113(3):400–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Nutrition, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA, USA

    Dania Saarony

  2. MGH Weight Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Sue Cummings

Authors
  1. Dania Saarony
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sue Cummings
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dania Saarony .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA

    John M. Morton

  2. Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Stacy A. Brethauer

  3. Vidant Medical Center, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA

    Eric J. DeMaria

  4. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public, National Center for Weight and Wellness, Washington, DC, USA

    Scott Kahan

  5. Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Matthew M. Hutter

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Saarony, D., Cummings, S. (2019). Evidence for Nutrition Counseling in the Care of Patients with Obesity. In: Morton, J., Brethauer, S., DeMaria, E., Kahan, S., Hutter, M. (eds) Quality in Obesity Treatment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25173-4_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25173-4_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-25172-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-25173-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation