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Language Contact and Competition in Latin America

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Language Competition and Shift in New Australia, Paraguay

Part of the book series: Palgrave Studies in Minority Languages and Communities ((PSMLC))

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Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of the debates on, and approaches to, societal language contact with a particular focus on bilingual societies and diasporic communities. It begins with outlining diglossic societies to show that the principal factors that determine language competition are usually extralinguistic in nature. The case of Paraguay is particularly interesting, since here the colonial language, Spanish, is spoken alongside an indigenous one by the majority of the population. The second part centers on English and other immigrant languages in Latin America, above all English-speaking enclaves as well as the role of English as a foreign language. This will show that English in Latin America is often the door—or the barrier—to social upward mobility. The last part considers the contribution of New Australia, and that its originally ideological foundation as a utopian community equals many characteristics of diaspora communities.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Yet, it is worth noticing that this situation has changed over the last decades as Swiss German (L) has gained ground. For example, there has been a significant increase in the use of Swiss German in the media and written communication, i.e., in domains that used to be restricted to H (see, for instance, Dürscheid and Frick 2014, for the use of Swiss German in short messages; cf. Snow 2010).

  2. 2.

    According to the focus of this chapter on multilingual societies, the aspect of the environment influencing the structure of the language, e.g., the lexicon, as part of Mufwene’s language evolution, is disregarded here. In addition, this term should also be differentiated from another perception of the “ecology of language,” sometimes referred to as ecolinguistics, which designates the study of the role of language in ecological or environmentalist studies (see Fill and Mühlhäusler 2001).

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    Danae Perez

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Perez, D. (2019). Language Contact and Competition in Latin America. In: Language Competition and Shift in New Australia, Paraguay. Palgrave Studies in Minority Languages and Communities. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24989-2_2

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