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Advances and Challenges of CAR T Cells in Clinical Trials

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Current Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Cancer

Part of the book series: Recent Results in Cancer Research ((RECENTCANCER,volume 214))

Abstract

As a specifically programmable, living immunotherapeutic drug, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells are providing an alternative treatment option for a broad variety of diseases including so far refractory cancer. By recognizing a tumor-associated antigen, the CAR triggers an anti-tumor response of engineered patient’s T cells achieving lasting remissions in the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma. During the last years, significant progress was made in optimizing the CAR design, in manufacturing CAR-engineered T cells, and in the clinical management of patients showing promise to establish adoptive CAR T cell therapy as an effective treatment option in the forefront.

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Abbreviations

CAR:

Chimeric antigen receptor

CRS:

Cytokine release syndrome

CTLA-4:

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4

EGFR:

Epithelial growth factor receptor

GMP:

Good manufacturing practice

IFN:

Interferon

Ig:

Immunoglobulin

IL:

Interleukin

MHC:

Major histocompatibility complex

PD-1:

Programmed cell death-1

scFv:

Single-chain fragment of variable region

TCR:

T cell receptor

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Acknowledgements

The work in the authors’ laboratory was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn; Deutsche Krebshilfe, Bonn; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Berlin; Deutsche José Carreras-Leukämie Stiftung, München; Wilhelm Sander-Stiftung, München; Else Kröner-Fresenius Stiftung, Bad Homburg v.d.H.; the German-Israeli Foundation, Jerusalem; and the Fortune Program of the Medical Faculty of the University of Cologne.

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  1. RCI Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Astrid Holzinger & Hinrich Abken

  2. Chair Genetic Immunotherapy, RCI c/o University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Astrid Holzinger & Hinrich Abken

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  1. Astrid Holzinger
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  2. Hinrich Abken
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Correspondence to Hinrich Abken .

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  1. Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Cancer Center (UCT) Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

    Matthias Theobald

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Holzinger, A., Abken, H. (2020). Advances and Challenges of CAR T Cells in Clinical Trials. In: Theobald, M. (eds) Current Immunotherapeutic Strategies in Cancer. Recent Results in Cancer Research, vol 214. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23765-3_3

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